[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 28 Jan 2023

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• IWT is a water-distribution treaty between India and Pakistan, brokered by the World Bank (WB), to use the water available in the Indus River and its tributaries. It is often cited as an example of the possibilities of peaceful coexistence despite the troubled relationship.
• It was signed in Karachi in 1960 by then-Indian PM Jawaharlal Nehru and then-Pakistani president Ayub Khan.
• The Treaty gives control over the waters of the three “eastern rivers” – the Beas, Ravi and Sutlej (BRS)- to India, while control over the waters of the three “western rivers” – the Indus, Chenab and Jhelum -has been given to Pakistan.
• India has about 20% of the total water carried by the Indus system while Pakistan has 80%.
• The treaty allows India to use the western river waters for limited irrigation use and unlimited non-consumptive use for such applications as power generation.
• India has the right to generate hydroelectricity through run-of-the-river (RoR) projects on the western rivers which, subject to specific criteria for design and operation, is unrestricted.
• The dispute redressal mechanism provided under the IWT is a graded 3-level mechanism.
• Under the IWT, whenever India plans to start a project, it has to inform Pakistan. The concerns have to be cleared at the levels of the Indus Commissioners → Neutral Expert → Court of Arbitration, in a graded manner.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/28/the-indus-waters-treaty-and-why-india-has-issued-notice-to-pakistan-seeking-changes/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• The inclusive circular economy is an approach to the circular economy that incorporates social equity and environmental sustainability into the system. This means that the circular economy is designed to consider the needs of all stakeholders, including workers, communities, and the environment, as well as to reduce waste and pollution and promote sustainable production and consumption.

Refer:  https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/28/undp-india-launches-campaign-to-drive-an-inclusive-circular-economy-2/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Option (a): Multi-tasking and customizable home screen: Android OS allows users to run multiple apps at the same time and provides a customizable home screen, where users can add shortcuts, widgets, and rearrange icons as they like.
• Option (b): Compatibility with all hardware components: Although Android OS is designed to be compatible with a wide range of hardware components, there may be some compatibility issues with certain hardware components.
• Option (c ): Fast and efficient data processing: While Android OS is designed to be fast and efficient, the performance of the system may vary depending on the specifications of the device and the complexity of the apps being ru
• Option (d): Integration with Google services: Android OS is developed by Google, and as such, it offers tight integration with many of Google’s services, such as Gmail, Google Maps, and Google Drive.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/28/fighting-the-big-g/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The Competition Commission of India (CCI, constituted in 2009) is a statutory body of the Government of India responsible for enforcing the Competition Act, 2002. The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969 (MRTP Act) was repealed and replaced by the Competition Act, 2002, on the recommendations of the Raghavan committee.
• It consists of one Chairperson and six Memberswho shall be appointed by the Central Government.
• The Competition Act, 2002 (amended in 2007) prohibits anti-competitive agreements, and abuse of dominant position by enterprises and regulates combinations (acquisition, acquiring of control and M&A), which cause or are likely to cause an appreciable adverse effect on competition within India.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/28/fighting-the-big-g/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Kuno National Park is a national park and Wildlife Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh, India. It derives its name from Kuno River.
• India has signed an agreement with South Africa to translocate 12 cheetahs (seven male and five female) to the Kuno Palpur National Park (KNP) in Madhya Pradesh.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/28/cheetah-project-to-bring-in-12-big-cats-from-south-africa/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Cheetahs are listed as “Vulnerable” by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species
• rest all options are true.
• ‘Cheetah’ (Acinonyx Jubatus Venaticus) originates from Sanskrit and means ‘the spotted one’.
• The Cheetah is the fastest land animal in the world.
• Its historical range includes the majority of Sub-Saharan Africa and extends eastward to India.
• It is the only large carnivore that went ‘Extinct’ in India due to overhunting and habitat loss.
• The last cheetah died in the Koriya district of present-day Chhattisgarh in 1947 and the species was declared extinct in 1952.
• According to the Wildlife Institute of India’s (WII) “Action Plan for Reintroduction of Cheetah in India,” 50 wild cheetahs that are ideal for starting a new cheetah population would be imported as a founder stock over five years initially.
• The PM of India released the first batch of eight cheetahs (five females and three males) from Namibia into a quarantine enclosure at Kuno last year.
• Some modifications have been made to the current bomas (wildlife cages constructed often for the treatment or quarantine of animals).

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/28/cheetah-project-to-bring-in-12-big-cats-from-south-africa/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• The Ramcharitmanas:
  • The poem was written in the 16th century in the Awadhi
  • It is divided into seven chapters (Kand) that tell the story of Lord Ram from birth to his becoming King of Ayodhya.
  • The Ramcharitmanas is based on the Ramayana – sage Valmiki’s great epic.
• Goswami Tulsidas:
  • Tulsidas, a Brahmin whose original name was Ram Bola Dubey, composed the Ramcharitmanas on the bank of the Ganga in Varanasi.
  • Tulsidas was a contemporary of Emperor Akbar, and it is believed that he was in touch with Abdurrahim Khan-e-Khanan, the son of Akbar’s commander Bairam Khan.
  • Tulsidas made the story of Lord Ram popular among the masses because he wrote in the regional dialect that most people understood.
  • This attracted the wrath of ancient Sanskrit scholars, and Tulsidas recorded his pain in his Kavitawali.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/28/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-28-january-2023/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Pashmina:
  • The term ‘Pashmina’ has been derived from the Persian word “Pashm” meaning wool.
  • It is a GI-certified wool that has its origin in the Kashmir region of India.
  • Due to the high quality of the wool used and the labour-intensive process required to make each individual piece, pashmina shawls are quite expensive.
  • The Changthangi goats (Capra Hircus), domesticated in Ladakh, are the source of the wool used to weave Pashmina Shawls.
  • The Changpa tribes of Ladakh who herd the Changthangi goats harvest the raw Pashm.
• Shahtoosh: It is the name given to the wool of the Tibetan chiru (Endangered in the IUCN Red List) antelopes.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/28/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-28-january-2023/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• UNDESA (in partnership with UNCTAD and five regional UN commissions) have produced this report.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/28/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-28-january-2023/

Ans: (d)

Explanation: Kelp forests serve as important habitats for many different species of marine life, providing food for herbivores, serving as breeding grounds for fish, and helping regulate ocean currents by absorbing wave energy and reducing erosion.

• What is a Kelp Forest?
  • They are underwater ecosystems formed in shallow water by the dense growth of several different species.
  • Kelp can also persist at lower latitudes, aided by cool water upwelling or in deep-water refugia where they are protected by thermocline (transition layer between the warmer surface water and the cooler deep water).
  • Keystone Species: They provide underwater habitats to hundreds of species and thus have great ecological and economic value.
  • Provide Ecosystem Services: such as coastal protection and carbon sequestration.
  • They also provide recreational and tourism value for scuba diving, snorkelling, and kayaking.
  • Their loss will lead to a decline in the unique biodiversity that they support.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/28/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-28-january-2023/