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General Studies – 1
Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the causes of Russian revolution and how world war I influenced the revolution in Russia.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Write about the outbreak of Russian revolution during the course of World War-I.
Body:
In the first part, mention the causes of the Russian Revolution – Political, Administrative, Economic and ideological – Link how the world war exacerbated these causes which made the revolution inevitable.
Next, write about the role of World War-I in the outbreak of the revolution.
Conclusion:
Summarise that chain of events led to the collapse of monarchy in Russia and marked the demise of Romanov dynasty.
Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the link between the Paris Peace Treaty and start of the world War-II.
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context about the World War-II and how Provisions of the Paris Peace treaty played a part in it.
Body:
In the first part, mention the major clauses of the treaty of Versailles. The Treaty vis-a-vis German treatment and its reaction in aftermath of it must be clearly stated. The treatment of Italy by the ‘Big 3’ and the reactions for it building up for second war must be stated. Elements of impracticality in the treaty and the humiliation faced by the defeated states outlined.
Next, write about the factors other than the above which led to the outbreak of the war.
Conclusion:
Conclude by a balanced opinion forward.
Topic: urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
A report by the World Bank, released in November last year, on financing India’s urban infrastructure needs, focuses on private investments ameliorating urban problems. The push to attract private capital, since the 1990s, followed by the urban reforms under the United Progressive Alliance I regime, the Smart City mission, and now this report, continues to plague India’s policy paradigm in the urban sector.
Key Demand of the question:
To understand the main issues in the urbanisation approach and steps that are needed to rectify the same.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about the current approach taken to address the various issues with resepect to urbanisation and that has resulted in various issues such as lack of affordable housing, issues of urban slums, waste management, poor drainage etc.
Next, mention write about the policy approach that must be taken in this regard to overcome the same and ensuring participation of people at local level for better urban governance.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
The Governors are once again becoming public spectacles in many States, as seen in Punjab, Maharashtra, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Delhi, and in a few others earlier.
Key Demand of the question:
To critically write about the issues with respect to office of the governor and possible solutions to it.
Directive word:
Critically analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Give brief introduction of the role of Governor in the Indian Polity.
Body:
First, write about the significance of the post of Governor as enshrined in the Indian constitution.
Next, discuss the issues related to abuse of post of Governor in federal polity failing to the functions impartially and efficiently and why the tag of ‘agent of centre’ is being associated with the office of governor. Substantiate with examples.
Next, Explain the misuse of Article 356, Power of Reserving bill, Partisan role in Hung assemblies etc. with examples of recent times.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Live Mint , Insights on India
Why the question:
The government will now have to focus on strengthening the IBC infrastructure and help it discharge its functions effectively.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the various issues in IBC and steps needed to resolve it.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) its aims and objectives.
Body:
First, list down the various features and achievements of IBC since its introduction.
Next, write about the various limitations in the performance of IBC.
Next, write about the reform that is needed to ensure that IBC performance leads to strengthening of its supporting role in capital formation and economic growth of the country.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
Spurred by steadily rising demand and proactive government incentives, India’s electric vehicle (EV) industry has shown exponential growth in the past two years. Domestic four-wheeler EV sales in 2022-23 are set to cross the 60-65,000 mark.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the impact of shifting to electric vehicles on the environment, economy and measures needed to do so.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving context.
Body:
Mention the impact the EV can have on India economically in terms of reducing dependence on crude oil and reduced import bill and improved domestic energy independence.
Write about the environmental benefits of shift to EV – Give facts and figures relation to vehicular emission in India, the impact of it and how shifting to EV can be environmentally advantageous as well as sustainable in the long run.
Next, Examine the various measures taken in this regard so far such as FAME-I, FAME-II, Developing domestic battery manufacturing capacity, mining for Lithium and Cobalt etc, Niti Aayog’s recent draft policy.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward to ensure maximisation of potential benefits.
General Studies – 4
Topic: laws, rules, regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance;
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
Using the metaphor of the moral compass to describe conscience, our inner sense of right and wrong offers a framework to guide our actions.
Directive:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by describing what you understand by moral compass (conscience) which governs the actions you take in day-to-day life.
Body:
Elaborate on how the moral compass aids in deciding what right from is wrong. Use examples to substantiate your points.
One way is to treat others the way you want to be treated.
Next way, to use Rights Theory that obligates us to respect the rights of others and live up to our obligations towards them.
Another way is to utilitarian perspective to do maximum good for maximum people.
Conclusion:
Completed the answer by bring out how the moral compass prevents us acting purely from self-interest and helps us live a life of integrity.
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