[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 21 Jan 2023

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Constitutional morality means adherence to the core principles of constitutional democracy. However, it is not limited only to following the constitutional provisions literally but is based on values like individual autonomy and liberty; equality without discrimination; recognition of identity with dignity; the right to privacy.
• For instance, In Supreme Court’s Sabarimala verdict religious freedom, gender equality and the right of women to worship guaranteed under Article 14, 21 and 25 of the Constitution was reinstated which struck down the practice of banning entry of women of a certain age to the Sabarimala temple in Kerala as unconstitutional. The Supreme Court bypassed the “doctrine of essentiality” to uphold the Constitutional morality. Constitutional morality here went against social morality that discriminates against women based on biological reasons like menstruation.
• Other instances in which the Supreme Court has upheld the constitutional morality,
  • In Kesavananda Bharati Case, the Supreme Court restricted the power of the Parliament to violate the Basic Structure of the Constitution.
  • In the Naz Foundation case, the Supreme Court opined that only Constitutional Morality should prevail and not Public Morality.
  • In Lt Governor of Delhi case, SC proclaimed constitutional morality as a governing ideas that “highlight the need to preserve the trust of people in the institution of democracy.
  • In Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India, the SC provided a framework to reaffirm the rights of LGBTQ and all gender non-conforming people to their dignity, life, liberty, and identity.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/21/inclusivity-in-judiciary-sc-collegium-firm-on-appointing-gay-lawyer-as-hc-judge/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• In this example, the court is upholding the principle of constitutional morality by protecting the individual’s right to freedom of speech, as guaranteed by the constitution, rather than promoting a particular set of moral values or government interests.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/21/inclusivity-in-judiciary-sc-collegium-firm-on-appointing-gay-lawyer-as-hc-judge/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The Chief Justice of India and the Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President under clause (2) of Article 124 of the Constitution.
• The names are recommended by the Collegium.
• The collegium sends its final recommendation to the President of India for approval. The President can either accept it or reject it. In the case it is rejected, the recommendation comes back to the collegium. If the collegium reiterates its recommendation to the President, then he/she is bound by that recommendation.
• Appointment to the office of the Chief Justice of India should be of the senior most Judge of the Supreme Court considered fit to hold the office.
• Whenever there is any doubt about the fitness of the senior most Judge to hold the office of the Chief Justice of India, consultation with other Judges as envisaged in Article 124 (2) of the Constitution would be made for appointment of the next Chief Justice of India.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/21/inclusivity-in-judiciary-sc-collegium-firm-on-appointing-gay-lawyer-as-hc-judge/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Prosopis juliflora is an invasive species that competes with native plant species for resources, reduces the availability of water for other plants and animals, and changes the soil chemistry.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/21/alien-plants-growing-together-threatening-tiger-habitats/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Kanha National Park is nestled in the Maikal range of Satpuras in Madhya Pradesh, the heart of India that forms the central Indian highlands.The national park is being popularized as the Tiger reserve and interestingly is being declared as one of the finest wildlife areas in the world. Spreading across two revenue districts the Mandala and the Kalaghat, Kanha National Park was declared a reserve forest in 1879 and revalued as a wildlife sanctuary in 1933. Its position was further upgraded to a national park in 1955.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/21/alien-plants-growing-together-threatening-tiger-habitats/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• AT1 Bonds, or Additional Tier 1 bonds, are unsecured bonds with no maturity date used by banks to increase their equity base and comply with Base III norms. These bonds were introduced during the global financial crisis by the Basel accord. AT1 bonds are a type of perpetual debt instrument with no maturity date.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/21/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-21-january-2023/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• The National Company Law Appellate Tribunal is a tribunal which was formed by the Central Government of India under Section 410 of the Companies Act, 2013, for hearing appeals against the orders of National Company Law Tribunal(s) (NCLT), with effect from 1st June 2016.
• NCLT is a body having original Jurisdiction. NCLAT is a body having Appellate Jurisdiction.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/21/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-21-january-2023/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Ganjam kewda (Pandanus fascicularis) oil is steam-distilled from the flower of the aromatic screwpine plant and used as an aromatic in the food industry and other sectors.
• It is registered under the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 by the Government of India.
• Colour depends on the sex of the pine. While the male pines are colourful and are used in oil making, the female pines are green and later turn brown.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/21/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-21-january-2023/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Tuberculosis is typically transmitted through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes, releasing droplets containing the bacteria into the air. These droplets can then be inhaled by other people, potentially leading to infection. The disease is not transmitted through contact with infected animals, contaminated food or water or sexual contact.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/21/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-21-january-2023/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The most common symptoms of tuberculosis are a persistent cough that lasts for more than three weeks, chest pain, and weight loss. Other symptoms include fever, chills, and night sweats, but these are less specific to tuberculosis.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/21/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-21-january-2023/