[MISSION 2023] Insights SECURE : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 18 January 2023

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General Studies – 1

Topic:  Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.

1. The Green Revolution was initiated in the 1960s in order to increase food production, alleviate extreme poverty and malnourishment in the country. Analyse its performance. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Chapter-3 – NCERT XII – Politics in India since Independence

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the benefits and limitations of green revolution in India.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start by defining green revolution.

Body:

First, Mention on the fact about how Green Revolution took care of India’s food security crisis by boosting food productivity, introduction of farm machinery etc.

Next, on the flipside discuss the new issues arising from Green revolution such as high usage of pesticide and weedicide, side-lining of small and marginal farmers, declining soil fertility, depletion of ground water, mention that hunger and malnutrition levels were still high etc.

Conclusion:

Conclude by summarising.

Topic:  Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.

2. The Emergency is often regarded as a dark phase in independent India’s history because this period was marked by unbridled state incarceration, stifling of dissent, and government crackdown on civil liberties. There were reports of frequent human rights violations and the press being censored to a repressive extent. Elaborate. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: India since Independence by Bipan Chandra.

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the nature of emergency in 1975 and challenges it posed and lessons learnt from it.

Directive word: 

Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Narrate briefly the historical background and situation of emergency imposed in 1975.

Body:

Body:

In first part, write about the challenges posed by internal emergency which was proclaimed by then congress government including suspension of fundamental rights is considered one of the most traumatic periods for the fledgling democracy.

Next, write about the key lessons learnt and changes introduced due it – This time period is also seen as the coming of the age of the Indian democracy. But, the Indian parliament passed amendments to the constitution, the 44th amendment, to ensure that the future governments will not find it easy to impose another emergency in the country.

Conclusion:

Conclude by summarising.

General Studies – 2

Topic: Development processes and the development industry —the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders.

3. The influence of civil society organisations, popularly known as NGOs, is increasing. However, their credibility seems to be declining. Examine the issues with respect to the functioning of civil society organisations. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India 

Why the question:

India hosting Civil Society 20 is important because the authentic civil society concept in the country is intertwined with the spirit of voluntarism.

Key Demand of the question: 

To write about the functions of civil society and their successes and limitations in India.

Directive word: 

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by mentioning how civil society is considered as a pillar of democracy.

Body:

First, write about how the role of Civil society organizations – They are an important source of information for both citizens and they engage in advocating the public’s rights and wishes of the people, including but not limited to health, environment etc. Cite examples to substantiate.

Next, write about the limitations of civil society in India – foreign funding issues, self-appointed rather than elected, and thus do not represent the popular will etc, opaqueness, anti-national activities etc.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

General Studies – 3

Topic: Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.

4. Technology can never exist in isolation; it has to exist within social realities. In the light of the above statement, examine as to how the fourth industrial revolution is shaping the economy and society in the country. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India

Why the question:

Fourth industrial revolution: World Economic Forum advocates it; others fear corporate takeover.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the 4th Industrial Revolution and its impact on Indian economy and society.

Directive word: 

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start the answer by giving an overview of fourth industrial revolution.

Body:

In the first part, write about the major features of 4th Industrial Revolution (4th IR) – characterized by a fusion of technologies that is blurring the lines between the physical, digital, and biological spheres

Next, write about the positive impact of 4^th IR on economy and society – Demographic dividend and Employment generation, Strong Banking sector, Global Leader in Industrial revolution, Investments and exports, Agriculture and Health etc.

Next, write about its negative impact – Loss of jobs, Competitiveness, Dumping, Loss to MSMEs, Economic inequality, Environmental Externalities etc.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

Topic: Disaster and disaster management.

5. The regularity of stampedes in crowd gatherings across the country points towards ineffective crowd management and abject neglect of crowd control measures leading to such disasters. Analyse. What are the NDMA guidelines on crowd management as part of a risk-reduction strategy for religious festivals and public gatherings? (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: The Hindu , ndma.gov.in

Why the question:

The first stampede, which led to the death of eight people, took place during a roadshow addressed by former Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu at Kandukur in Nellore district. The second took place at a private event in Guntur, apparently during a rush for freebies, and claimed the lives of three women.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the reasons for stampedes in the country and NDMA guidelines regarding it.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start by giving statistic relating stampedes in India.

Body:

In the first part, write about the causes for stampede – massive crowds of people in a setting that is poorly controlled, triggered by rumours, lack of planning and ineffective guidelines etc.

Next, write about the NDMA guidelines in this regard and further steps that are required to have an effective crowd control in the country.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

General Studies – 4

Topic: Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators;

6. What does this quote means to you? (150 words)

“Reason shows me that if my happiness is desirable and good, the equal happiness of any other person must be equally desirable.” ― Henry Sidgwick

Difficulty level: Moderate

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Quotes Wednesdays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by explaining the literal meaning of the quote.

Body:

Write about the happiness of oneself and the happiness of others. Mention as to how individuals tend to focus on their own happiness and not on the happiness of the others. Write ways to ensure that we consider happiness of others also. Cite examples to substantiate.

Conclusion:

Summarise by highlighting the importance of the quote in the present day.

Topic: Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators;

7. What does this quote means to you? (150 words)

“The wise man belongs to all countries, for the home of a great soul is the whole world.” — Democritus

Difficulty level: Moderate

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Quotes Wednesdays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by explaining the literal meaning of the quote.

Body:

Write about the narrow view of boundaries and parochial nationalism that is leading to so many disputes across the world. Mention that wise men do not consider any political and social boundaries and emphasise on openness and inclusivity. Cite examples to substantiate.

Conclusion:

Summarise by highlighting the importance of the quote in the present day.

Conclude by drawing the contemporary importance of the above.

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