[Mission 2023] STATIC QUIZ, 16 January 2023 – Modern India

Solution: c)

1510 :- Alfonso Albuquerque, the Portuguese governor, captures Goa from Bijapur

1613 : A permanent factory of East India Company is established at Surat

1717 : The Mughal emperor Farrukhsiyar issues a Farman, called the Magna Carta of the Company, giving the Company a large number of trade concessions.

1759 : Battle of Bidara :-The English defeated the Dutch.

Solution: d)

Factors for Decline of the Portuguese in India

• Emergence of powerful dynasties in Egypt, Persia, and north India and the appearance of the Marathas as neighbours;
• political fears aroused by the activities of Jesuit missionaries, and hatred of persecution (such as inquisition) that caused reaction against Portuguese spiritual pressure;
• rise of the English and Dutch commercial ambitions challenging the Portuguese supremacy;
• rampant corruption, greed, and selfishness along with piracy and clandestine trade practices of the Portuguese administration in India;

diversion of Portuguese colonising ambitions towards the West due to the discovery of Brazil.

Solution: c)

Battle of Plassey 1757:

It was a battle fought between Siraj-ud- Daulah and Robert Clive. The Battle of Plassey had political significance, for it laid the foundation of the British empire in India; it has been rightly regarded as the starting point of British rule in India.

Significance of Battle of Plassey:-

• As a result of this victory, Mir Jafar became the Nawab of Bengal.
• He gave large sums of money plus the zamindari of 24 Parganas to the English.
• The sovereignty of the English over Calcutta was recognised, and the English posted a resident at the nawab’s court.
• Mir Kasim was the ablest nawab among the successors of Alivardi Khan. After assuming power, Mir Kasim shifted the capital from Murshidabad to Munger in Bihar.

Solution: a)

Doctrine of Lapse:

In simple terms, the doctrine stated that the adopted son could be the heir to his foster father’s private property, but not the state; it was for the paramount power (the British) to decide whether to bestow the state on the adopted son or to annex it.

• Dalhousie annexed eight states during his eight year tenure (1848–56) as governor general.
• In these eight years, he annexed some quarter million square miles of the territory of India. His reign almost completed the process of expansion of British power in India, which began with the victory over Siraj-ud-Daulah at Plassey in 1757.
• Lord Dalhousie annexed Awadh in 1856 after deposing Nawab Wajid Ali Shah on grounds of misgovernment.

Solution: c)

In a Subsidiary Alliance, princely rulers were forbidden from making any negotiations and treaty with any other Indian ruler without first making inquiries to Company officials. They were also forbidden from maintaining any standing armies. They were instead to be protected by the troops of the European companies, paying for their upkeep.