[MISSION 2023] Insights SECURE : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 16 January 2023

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General Studies – 1


 

Topic: The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.

1. The decisive battle of Buxar confirmed British power over Bengal and Bihar after their initial success at the Battle of Plassey in 1757. Discuss. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the importance of Battle of Buxar and in what way it paved way to expansion and consolidation of British Empire in India.

Directive word: 

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start the answer by mentioning the context and the participants in the Battle of Buxar.

Body:

In the first part of the body, elaborate the consequences of the battle to show how it paved way for expansion and consolidation of the British Empire in India. Explain that the Battle of Buxar had far-reaching implications in the consolidation of the British Empire in India. It influenced the politico-economic conditions of Bengal in particular and of India in general.

In the next part, mention as to how Buxar confirmed the gains of Plassey.

Conclusion:

Conclude by summarising.

 

Topic: The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.

2. The British thought that they should act as paternal father figures protecting the cultivators (ryots) under their charge and the settlement had to be made directly with the cultivators (ryots) who had tilled the land for generations. Examine the reasosn behind introduction of Ryotwari settlement. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: A Brief History of Modern India by Rajiv Ahir (Spectrum Publishers)

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the reasons for the introduction of Ryotwari settlement.

Directive word: 

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by mentioning the nature of Ryotwari settlement.

Body:

First, write about the reasons for the introduction of the Ryotwari settlement – rejection of the Permanent Settlement, elimination of intermediaries, assessment of the tax on land actually cultivated, paternal approach of British and absence of traditional zamindars.

Next, write about the impact of the introduction of Ryotwari settlement.

Conclusion:

Conclude by summarising.

 


General Studies – 2


 

Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.

3. India needs to contribute in more significant ways to modernising and democratising the global order. It also needs to balance between nationalism and internationalism, a practical sense of what is feasible in today’s world, and a well-defined crafted hierarchy of Indian priorities on the global stage. Discuss. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India

Why the question:

The Voice of the Global South summit that Delhi convened last week did not produce any spectacular outcomes; it was not supposed to. The forum, however, marks an important effort by India to make global governance work for the developing nations, whose concerns tend to get a short shrift in international forums.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the need to democratising the global order and steps India must take in this regard.

Directive word: 

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving context of current global order.

Body:

In the first part, write about the various major issues affecting the global order rendering it archaic and un-democratic.

Next, write about the steps that India must take in this regard to make the global order more democratic while ensuring its priorities are not compromised.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

 


General Studies – 3


 

Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.

4. Dependence on Chinese imports continues to increase despite the government’s push for manufacturing in the country leading to a large trade deficit with China. Analyse its implications on the Indian economy. Enumerate the measures that are needed to bridge the trade deficit. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Indian Express

Why the question:

The latest data released by the China customs department shows India’s trade deficit with the country breaching $100 billion for the first time in 2022.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the trade deficit with China, reasons for its increase and its impact on the Indian economy, steps that are needed to bridge it.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start by giving statistic regarding the trade deficit with China.

Body:

Frist, write about the factors that have led to increasing trade deficit in the recent past despite measures being to taken to promote domestic manufacturing.

Next, write impact increased trade deficit will have on the Indian economy. Substantiate with facts and examples.

Next, write about ways to mitigate impact of negative impact of increasing trade deficit and bridge the growing deficit.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

 

Topic: Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money laundering and its prevention.

5 What is a deepfake? Examine the threats posed by them and steps that are needed to counter the growing menace of deepfakes. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: The HinduInsights on India

Why the question:

The cyberworld has been facing the challenge of deepfakes for a while now. AI is used for fabricating audios, videos and texts to show real people saying and doing things they never did, or creating new images and videos.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about deepfakes, threat posed by them and steps that are needed to counter them.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by defining deepfakes.

Body:

First, Deepfakes leverage powerful techniques from machine learning and artificial intelligence to manipulate or generate visual and audio content. Discuss then the concerns posed by them. Deepfakes can be and have been weaponised to inflict harm. Deepfakes can inflict damage to individuals, institutions, businesses and democracy.

Next, write about the steps that are needed to overcome the challenges posed by it.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

 


General Studies – 4


 

Topic: Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.

6. Utilitarian ethics accepts consequentialism, welfarism, and impartiality. Elaborate.

Difficulty level: Moderate.

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about consequentialism, welfarism, impartiality as a part of Utilitarian ethics.

Directive word: 

Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start with a brief of Utilitarian ethics.

Body:

First, write about consequentialism as a part of utilitarian ethics – bringing about good outcomes is all that ultimately matters, from a moral perspective.

Next, write about welfarism – from a welfarist perspective, good consequences are those which increase well-being in the world, while bad consequences are those which decrease it.

Next, write about impartiality – Accepting this conception of impartiality means treating well-being as equally valuable regardless of when, where or to whom it occurs.

Conclusion:

Conclude by summarising.

 

Topic: Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.

7. If greed is the sin of capitalism, then envy is the vice of socialism. Debate. (150 words)

Difficulty Level: Tough

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the limitations of capitalism and socialism from an ethical point of view.

Directive:

Debate – Weigh up to what extent something is true. Persuade the reader of your argument by citing relevant research but also remember to point out any flaws and counter- arguments as well. Conclude by stating clearly how far you agree with the original proposition.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Start by giving context.

Body:

First, write about as to how greed is sin of capitalism and give arguments to elaborate. Substantiate using examples.

Next, write about the vices of socialism especially in regards to envy and its impact. Cite examples to substantiate.

Conclusion:

Conclude the answer by giving a balanced opinion.


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