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The following Quiz is based on the Hindu, PIB and other news sources. It is a current events based quiz. Solving these questions will help retain both concepts and facts relevant to UPSC IAS civil services exam.
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New Initiative: Revision Through MCQs (RTM) – Revision of Current Affairs Made Interesting
As revision is the key to success in this exam, we are starting a new initiative where you will revise current affairs effectively through MCQs (RTM) that are solely based on Insights Daily Current Affairs.
These questions will be different than our regular current affairs quiz. These questions are framed to TEST how well you have read and revised Insights Current Affairs on daily basis.
We will post nearly 10 MCQs every day which are based on previous day’s Insights current affairs. Tonight we will be posting RTM questions on the Insights current affairs of October 3, 2019.
The added advantage of this initiative is it will help you solve at least 20 MCQs daily (5 Static + 5 CA Quiz + 10 RTM) – thereby helping you improve your retention as well as elimination and guessing skills.
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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements about “Montreal Protocol”:
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- It is the landmark multilateral environmental agreement that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, based on the scientific consensus.
- It led to the replacement of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) with Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) which do not destroy the Ozone layer.
Which of the given above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: (d)
Explanation:
- S1: The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layeris the landmark multilateral environmental agreement that regulates the production and consumption of nearly 100 man-made chemicals referred to as ozone depleting substances (ODS). When released to the atmosphere, those chemicals damage the stratospheric ozone layer, Earth’s protective shield that protects humans and the environment from harmful levels of ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Adopted on 15 September 1987, the Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified every country on Earth – all 198 UN Member States.
- S2: The Montreal Protocol led to the replacement of CFCs with Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) which do not destroy the Ozone layer.
- Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs)are gases used worldwide in refrigeration, air-conditioning and foam applications, but they are being phased out under the Montreal Protocol since deplete the ozone layer. HCFCs are both ODS and powerful greenhouse gases: the most commonly used HCFC is nearly 2,000 times more potent than carbon dioxide in terms of its global warming potential (GWP).
- Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs),were introduced as non-ozone depleting alternatives to support the timely phase out of CFCs and HCFCs. HFCs are now widespread in air conditioners, refrigerators, aerosols, foams and other products. While these chemicals do not deplete the stratospheric ozone layer, some of them have high GWPs ranging from 12 to 14,000.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/ozone-hole-is-filling-up/
Incorrect
Ans: (d)
Explanation:
- S1: The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layeris the landmark multilateral environmental agreement that regulates the production and consumption of nearly 100 man-made chemicals referred to as ozone depleting substances (ODS). When released to the atmosphere, those chemicals damage the stratospheric ozone layer, Earth’s protective shield that protects humans and the environment from harmful levels of ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Adopted on 15 September 1987, the Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified every country on Earth – all 198 UN Member States.
- S2: The Montreal Protocol led to the replacement of CFCs with Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) which do not destroy the Ozone layer.
- Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs)are gases used worldwide in refrigeration, air-conditioning and foam applications, but they are being phased out under the Montreal Protocol since deplete the ozone layer. HCFCs are both ODS and powerful greenhouse gases: the most commonly used HCFC is nearly 2,000 times more potent than carbon dioxide in terms of its global warming potential (GWP).
- Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs),were introduced as non-ozone depleting alternatives to support the timely phase out of CFCs and HCFCs. HFCs are now widespread in air conditioners, refrigerators, aerosols, foams and other products. While these chemicals do not deplete the stratospheric ozone layer, some of them have high GWPs ranging from 12 to 14,000.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/ozone-hole-is-filling-up/
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Question 2 of 10
2. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements.
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- Ground level ozone is emitted directly into the atmosphere by cars, power plants, refineries and chemical plants.
- Ozone can reach unhealthy levels on hot sunny days.
- Ozone can also be transported long distances by wind.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: (c )
Explanation:
- How does ground-level ozone form?
- Tropospheric, or ground level ozone, is not emitted directly into the air, but is created by chemical reactions between oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC). This happens when pollutants emitted by cars, power plants, industrial boilers, refineries, chemical plants, and other sources chemically react in the presence of sunlight.
- Ozone is most likely to reach unhealthy levels on hot sunny days in urban environments, but can still reach high levels during colder months. Ozone can also be transported long distances by wind, so even rural areas can experience high ozone levels.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/ozone-hole-is-filling-up/
Incorrect
Ans: (c )
Explanation:
- How does ground-level ozone form?
- Tropospheric, or ground level ozone, is not emitted directly into the air, but is created by chemical reactions between oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC). This happens when pollutants emitted by cars, power plants, industrial boilers, refineries, chemical plants, and other sources chemically react in the presence of sunlight.
- Ozone is most likely to reach unhealthy levels on hot sunny days in urban environments, but can still reach high levels during colder months. Ozone can also be transported long distances by wind, so even rural areas can experience high ozone levels.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/ozone-hole-is-filling-up/
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Question 3 of 10
3. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements.
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- The International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer originates from the Montreal Protocol that regulates the output and use of ozone-depleting chemical substances.
- Among the chemicals that cause severe damage to the ozone layer, Halocarbons have the least Ozone-depleting potential.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: (a)
Explanation:
- Several common chemicals are known to cause severe damage to the ozone layer. Halocarbons (Chlorine, Bromine, Fluorine, and Iodine) have very high Ozone-depleting potential.
- Man-made chemicals that have played a significant role in the depletion of the Earth’s Ozone layer are Methyl Chloroform, Methyl Bromide, Carbon Tetrachloride, and families of chemicals such as Chlorofluorocarbons, Hydrochlorofluorocarbons, and Halons.
- The United Nations observes September 16 as International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer.
- The day originates from the Montreal Protocol that regulates the output and use of around 100 ozone-depleting chemicals substances. The protocol was adopted in 1987.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/ozone-hole-is-filling-up/
Incorrect
Ans: (a)
Explanation:
- Several common chemicals are known to cause severe damage to the ozone layer. Halocarbons (Chlorine, Bromine, Fluorine, and Iodine) have very high Ozone-depleting potential.
- Man-made chemicals that have played a significant role in the depletion of the Earth’s Ozone layer are Methyl Chloroform, Methyl Bromide, Carbon Tetrachloride, and families of chemicals such as Chlorofluorocarbons, Hydrochlorofluorocarbons, and Halons.
- The United Nations observes September 16 as International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer.
- The day originates from the Montreal Protocol that regulates the output and use of around 100 ozone-depleting chemicals substances. The protocol was adopted in 1987.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/ozone-hole-is-filling-up/
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Question 4 of 10
4. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements.
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- Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are on average several thousand times more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide.
- Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol is legally binding with mandatory HFC reduction targets for countries.
- HFCs have very high potential to deplete the stratospheric ozone layer.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: (d)
Explanation:
- HFCs are on average several thousand times more potent than carbon dioxide.
- Kigali Amendment is a legally binding agreement designed to create rights and obligations in international law.
- While HFCs do not deplete the stratospheric ozone layer, they have high global warming potential, which has an adverse impact on climate.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/ozone-hole-is-filling-up/
Incorrect
Ans: (d)
Explanation:
- HFCs are on average several thousand times more potent than carbon dioxide.
- Kigali Amendment is a legally binding agreement designed to create rights and obligations in international law.
- While HFCs do not deplete the stratospheric ozone layer, they have high global warming potential, which has an adverse impact on climate.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/ozone-hole-is-filling-up/
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Question 5 of 10
5. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding Methane Emissions.
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- Methane is more potent than carbon dioxide in terms of its global warming capacity.
- Majority of the methane emitted is from natural sources.
- Livestock farming, rice agriculture and biomass burning emits methane.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: (b)
Explanation:
- Methane, a greenhouse gas, is 80 times more potent than carbon dioxide in terms of its global warming capacity. Approximately 40% of methane emitted is from natural sources and about 60% comes from human-influenced sources, including livestock farming, rice agriculture, biomass burning and so forth.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/ozone-hole-is-filling-up/
Incorrect
Ans: (b)
Explanation:
- Methane, a greenhouse gas, is 80 times more potent than carbon dioxide in terms of its global warming capacity. Approximately 40% of methane emitted is from natural sources and about 60% comes from human-influenced sources, including livestock farming, rice agriculture, biomass burning and so forth.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/ozone-hole-is-filling-up/
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Question 6 of 10
6. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements about Defence Acquisition Council:
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- It is the highest decision-making body of the defence ministry on procurement.
- The Minister of Defence is the Chairman of the Council.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: (c)
Explanation:
- A Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) was created as an overarching structure with the defence minister as its chairman.
- The DAC is the highest decision-making body of the defence ministry on procurement.
- The defence minister is the chairman of DAC.
Refer: facts for prelims:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-11-january-2023/
Incorrect
Ans: (c)
Explanation:
- A Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) was created as an overarching structure with the defence minister as its chairman.
- The DAC is the highest decision-making body of the defence ministry on procurement.
- The defence minister is the chairman of DAC.
Refer: facts for prelims:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-11-january-2023/
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Question 7 of 10
7. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following is/are the major traits of Recession?
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- There is a general fall in demand
- Inflation remains lower or/and shows further signs of falling down
- Unemployment rate falls/ employment rate grows
Select the correct answer code:
Correct
Ans: (a)
Explanation:
- Major traits of recession, to a great extent, are similar to that of ‘depression’—may be summed up as follows:
- (i) there is a general fall in demand as economic activities takes a downturn;
- (ii) inflation remains lower or/and shows further signs of falling down;
- (iii) employment rate falls/unemployment rate grows;
- (iv) Industries resort to ‘price cuts’ to sustain their business.
Refer: facts for prelims:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-11-january-2023/
Incorrect
Ans: (a)
Explanation:
- Major traits of recession, to a great extent, are similar to that of ‘depression’—may be summed up as follows:
- (i) there is a general fall in demand as economic activities takes a downturn;
- (ii) inflation remains lower or/and shows further signs of falling down;
- (iii) employment rate falls/unemployment rate grows;
- (iv) Industries resort to ‘price cuts’ to sustain their business.
Refer: facts for prelims:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-11-january-2023/
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Question 8 of 10
8. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following is/are the major traits of the Recovery phase business cycle?
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- An upturn in aggregate (total) demand.
- Unemployment rate starts declining.
- New investments become attractive
- Inflation moves upward making borrowing cheaper for investors.
Select the correct answer using the code below:
Correct
Ans: (d)
Explanation:
- An economy tries to come out of the low production phase to survive. The low production phase might be depression, recession or slowdown. Governments take many new fiscal and monetary measures to boost demand and production and ultimately a recovery in an economy is managed. The business cycle of recovery may show the following major economy traits:
- (i) an upturn in aggregate (total) demand which has to be accompanied by increase in the level of production;
- (ii) production process expands and new investments become attractive;
- (iii) as demand goes upward, inflation also moves upward making borrowing cheaper for investors;
- (iv) with an upturn in production, new employment avenues are created and unemployment rate starts declining; etc.
Refer: facts for prelims:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-11-january-2023/
Incorrect
Ans: (d)
Explanation:
- An economy tries to come out of the low production phase to survive. The low production phase might be depression, recession or slowdown. Governments take many new fiscal and monetary measures to boost demand and production and ultimately a recovery in an economy is managed. The business cycle of recovery may show the following major economy traits:
- (i) an upturn in aggregate (total) demand which has to be accompanied by increase in the level of production;
- (ii) production process expands and new investments become attractive;
- (iii) as demand goes upward, inflation also moves upward making borrowing cheaper for investors;
- (iv) with an upturn in production, new employment avenues are created and unemployment rate starts declining; etc.
Refer: facts for prelims:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-11-january-2023/
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Question 9 of 10
9. Question
1 pointsTons, Giri and Baghain are
Correct
Ans: (a)
Explanation:
- Tributaries of Yamuna
- Left: Hindon, Hanuman Ganga, Sasur Khaderi
- Right: Tons, Giri, Baghain, Chambal, Betwa, Sindh, Ken
Refer: facts for prelims:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-11-january-2023/
Incorrect
Ans: (a)
Explanation:
- Tributaries of Yamuna
- Left: Hindon, Hanuman Ganga, Sasur Khaderi
- Right: Tons, Giri, Baghain, Chambal, Betwa, Sindh, Ken
Refer: facts for prelims:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-11-january-2023/
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Question 10 of 10
10. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following best describes the term “Merchant Discount Rate” sometimes seen in news?
Correct
Ans: (c )
Explanation:
- MDR is a fee charged from a merchant by a bank for accepting payments from customers through credit and debit cards in their establishments. MDR compensates the card issuing bank, the lender which puts the PoS terminal and payment gateways such as MasterCard or Visa for their services.
- MDR charges are usually shared in pre-agreed proportion between the bank and a merchant and is expressed in percentage of transaction amount.
Refer: facts for prelims:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-11-january-2023/
Incorrect
Ans: (c )
Explanation:
- MDR is a fee charged from a merchant by a bank for accepting payments from customers through credit and debit cards in their establishments. MDR compensates the card issuing bank, the lender which puts the PoS terminal and payment gateways such as MasterCard or Visa for their services.
- MDR charges are usually shared in pre-agreed proportion between the bank and a merchant and is expressed in percentage of transaction amount.
Refer: facts for prelims:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/11/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-11-january-2023/
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