[MISSION 2023] Insights SECURE : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 09 January 2023

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General Studies – 1

Topic: The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.

1. In India, the growth of modern nationalism is intimately connected to the anti-colonial movement. People began discovering their unity in the process of their struggle with colonialism. Examine. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about reasons for the emergence of nationalism in India. Was it a reaction against the policies of British? Or was it born on its own?

Directive word: 

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start the answer by describing the genesis of Indian nationalism in the late nineteenth century.

Body:

In the first part of the body, analyze how Indian nationalism was a reaction against policies of the British. Mention about the Despotic nature of the rule, the racial discrimination, the lack of proper administration, lack of Indians in administration, alien rule, the loot and the plunder, indiscriminate taxation, ruining of Industries etc.

In the next part, analyze how Indian nationalism was a product of its own maturity. Introduction of modern education, the influx of ideas of liberalism and constitutionalism, the rise of an educated middle class, the impact of the press, the impact of socio-religious reform movements etc.

Conclusion:

Pass a balanced judgement as to how Indian Nationalism took birth.

Topic: The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.

2. During its first twenty years the Congress made moderate demands. The members placed their demands before the Government always in the form of petitions and worked within the framework of law. Do you think that the moderate phase of the national movement must be considered a failure? State your opinion. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To explain in detail the features of moderate phase of INC and their style of functioning and to analyze the impact on the national movement.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start by writing about the moderate phase of INC, its nature and its leaders.

Body:

First, Explain in the detail the nature of the moderate phase of INC. Their Aims and Objectives, Constitutional nature, Belief in the British, Inspiration, mode of operation, core composition, and important outcomes.

Next, write about the limitations of moderates – mention the belief of moderates in sense of justice of the British rule. They knew the exploitative nature of British rule but wanted its reforms and not expulsion.

Mention at its nascent stage they could not all out ask for expulsion for the fear of a crackdown on the entire organization. They had to tread carefully between nationalistic interests and protecting the nascent congress.

Conclusion:

Conclude by passing a balanced judgement on the successes and limitations of moderates.

Topic: population and associated issues

3. The Census provides population data for every village and town, data for the delimitation of constituencies and for determining the quantum of reservation. Discuss. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: The Hindu

Why the question:

Delay in the Census means that the data from the 2011 Census would continue to be used. In many towns and even panchayats that have seen rapid changes in the composition of their population over the last decade, this would mean that either too many or too few seats are being reserved. Delimitation of parliamentary and Assembly constituencies would continue to be based on 2001 Census till data from a Census after 2026 are published.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about benefits of collecting census data.

Directive word: 

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving context of census in India.

Body:

In the first part, discuss the advantages of census – essential for planning the provision of health care, education, employment, etc, helpful in the debate related to reservation policy, targeted poverty reduction programmes etc

Next, Discuss the limitations of census – creates chasms within society, historical apprehensions when such data was used to further divide and rule policy etc.

Conclusion:

Based on above arguments give a fair and balanced view as conclusion.

General Studies – 2

Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.

4. There is a need for building capacity in planning, implementing, and evaluating these interventions in order to make people adopt healthier lifestyle choices to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases in the country. Discuss. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: The Hindu

Why the question:

The 2017-18 National NCD monitoring survey reported that 98% of Indians do not take adequate fruits and vegetables and only 59% of adults do adequate physical activity.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the steps needed to promote healthy lifestyle to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases.

Directive word: 

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving statistic regarding NCD’s in India.

Body:

In the first part, write about the causes behind the rising NCDs and highlight the role of unhealthy lifestyle in it.

Next, Write the measures that are needed in this hour to tackle NCDs and policy interventions needed to promote healthier lifestyle.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

General Studies – 3

Topic: Disaster and disaster management.

5. Land subsidence is a silent disaster that is taking hold of the Himalayan region. Examine the causes behind it, its impact and measures need to prevent this silent disaster. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: Indian Express , Down to Earth

Why the question:

The Uttarakhand government has declared Joshimath’s all nine municipal wards as ‘disaster affected’ and ‘unsafe for living’ under the Disaster Management Act in view of the growing threat from land subsidence that has resulted in cracks in over 600 houses in the holy city and has started evacuation of the people from these areas.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about land subsidence, its causes, impact and measures needed to tackle it.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by defining land subsidence.

Body:

First, write about the causes Land subsidence in the Himalayan region – Natural and anthropogenic causes.

Next, write about the impact of land subsidence on the lives and livelihood of the people.

Next, write about the steps that are needed to prevent land subsidence.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

General Studies – 4

Topic: Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.

6. The middle path is the core of Buddha’s teaching and can be adopted in all walks of life. Elaborate with examples.

Difficulty level: Moderate.

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about middle path of Buddha and its application in present day.

Directive word: 

Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start with a brief middle path of Buddha.

Body:

Write about the concept of ‘middle path’ (madhyamaka) which steers clear of the extremes. Elaborte upon it as it essentially implies avoiding extremes, such as what we are witnessing today-narrow nationalism and unbridled liberalism, religious bigotry and decrying religion, obsession with a glorious past and justifying all things considered modern; in short, blind faith in what one considers right without consideration for the other’s point of view.

Conclusion:

Conclude by mentioning Buddha’s call to avoid extreme ways of practice and walk the middle way of reasonableness is the need of the hour.

Topic: Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators; role of Family society and educational institutions in inculcating values.

7. History shows that the mitigation and cessation of unjust practices ultimately comes from the assertion of core values of humanity. Explain with examples. (150 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.

Key Demand of the question:

To explain how unjust practices could be overcome by upholding and asserting core values.

Directive word: 

Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start by defining core values of humanity.

Body:

Explain as to how these core values can be used to overcome unjust practises. Use historical examples to justify the same. Mention the role core values play in mitigation of unjust practises.

Conclusion:

Conclude by summarising the need to use core values to overcome exist unjust practices.

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