[Mission 2023] Current Affairs Quiz , 6 January 2023

Solution: b)

Cooperatives are organisations formed at the grassroots level by people to harness the power of collective bargaining in the marketplace. This can mean different kinds of arrangements, such as using a common resource or sharing capital, to derive a common gain that would otherwise be difficult for an individual producer to get.

In agriculture, cooperative dairies, sugar mills, spinning mills etc. are formed with the pooled resources of farmers who wish to process their produce.

Cooperatives are a state subject under the Constitution, meaning they come under the state governments’ jurisdiction, but there are many societies whose members and areas of operation are spread across more than one state.

Cooperatives of more than one state are registered under the Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act (MSCS) of 2002. Their board of directors has representation from all states they operate in. Administrative and financial control of these societies is with the central registrar, with the law making it clear that no state government official can wield any control over them.

Through the 97th constitutional amendment, Part IXB (The Co-Operative Societies) was inserted into the Constitution. The right to form cooperative societies was included as Right to Freedom under article 19 (1), Part-3 of the Constitution.

In addition to this, Article 43-B (Promotion of Cooperation societies) was also inserted as one of the Directive Principles of State Policy under Part 4 of the Constitution of India.

Source

Solution: c)

• The New Delhi International Arbitration Centre Act, 2019, provides for the establishment of an institution of national importance, namely the New Delhi International Arbitration Centre for creating an independent and autonomous body for facilitating institutional arbitration.
• It is mandated to be a seven-member body that is headed by a former Judge of the Supreme Court or a High Court or an eminent person.
• The NDIAC shall, inter alia, provide facilities and administrative assistance for conciliation, mediation and arbitral proceedings, maintain panel of arbitrators, both at national and International level; promote research and study, provide teaching and training and organize conferences and seminars in arbitration, conciliation, mediation and other alternative dispute resolution matters.

Source

Solution: b)

• The United Nations Conference on the Environment 1972 is also known as the Stockholm
• It was the first world conference to make the environment a major
• The conference aimed at creating a common governance framework for the planetary environment and natural
• The countries agreed to not harm each other’s environment or the areas beyond national
• One of the major results of the Stockholm conference was the creation of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
• The participants adopted a series of principles for sound management of the environment including the Stockholm Declaration and Action Plan for the Human Environment and several resolutions.

Stockholm Declaration:

• Placed environmental issues at the forefront of international
• Marked the start of a dialogue between industrialized and developing countries on the link between economic growth, the pollution of the air, water, and oceans and the well-being of people around the

Solution: b)

The Antarctic Treaty and related agreements, collectively known as the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS), regulate international relations with respect to Antarctica, Earth’s only continent without a native human population. It was the first arms control agreement established during the Cold War, setting aside the continent as a scientific preserve, establishing freedom of scientific investigation, and banning military activity; for the purposes of the treaty system, Antarctica is defined as all the land and ice shelves south of 60°S latitude (but not the surrounding waters).

The treaty aims at prohibiting nuclear explosions or disposal of radioactive wastes in Antarctica.

Solution: b)