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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Under the constitution, both Articles 323A and 323B deal with tribunals. Which of the following specifies the difference(s) between the tribunals established by these entities?
- Tribunals under Article 323 A are established by the Central government, whereas tribunals under Article 323 B are established by the State governments.
- Tribunal under the former deal with tax and financial matters, whereas tribunals under the later deal with more general matters.
Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?
Correct
Solution: c)
While tribunals under Article 323 A can be established only by Parliament, tribunals under Article 323 B (e.g. food stuffs, tenancy etc) can be established both by Parliament and state legislatures with respect to matters falling within their legislative competence.
Under Article 323A, only one tribunal for the Centre and one for each state or two or more states may be established.
There is no hierarchy of tribunals under 323A, whereas under Article 323B a hierarchy of tribunals may be created.
Incorrect
Solution: c)
While tribunals under Article 323 A can be established only by Parliament, tribunals under Article 323 B (e.g. food stuffs, tenancy etc) can be established both by Parliament and state legislatures with respect to matters falling within their legislative competence.
Under Article 323A, only one tribunal for the Centre and one for each state or two or more states may be established.
There is no hierarchy of tribunals under 323A, whereas under Article 323B a hierarchy of tribunals may be created.
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Tribunals established under Part XIVA of the Constitution can deal with which of the following matters?
- Elections to either House of Parliament
- Tenancy of urban property
- Foreign exchange
- Land reforms
Select the correct answer code:
Correct
Solution: d)
Article 323B {Tribunals for other matters}
The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect to all or any of the matters specified in clause (2) with respect to which such Legislature has power to make laws.
(2) The matters referred to in clause (1) are the following, namely: —
(a) levy, assessment, collection and enforcement of any tax;
(b) foreign exchange, import and export across customs frontiers;
(c) industrial and labour disputes;
(d) land reforms by way of acquisition by the State of any estate as defined in article 31A or of any rights therein or the extinguishment or modification of any such rights or by way of ceiling on agricultural land or in any other way;
(e) ceiling on urban property;
(f) elections to either House of Parliament or the House or either House of the Legislature of a State, but excluding the matters referred to in article 329 and article 329A;
(g) production, procurement, supply and distribution of food-stuffs (including edible oilseeds and oils) and such other goods as the President may, by public notification, declare to be essential goods for the purpose of this article and control of prices of such goods;
(h) rent, its regulation and control and tenancy issues including the right, title and interest of landlords and tenants;
(i) offences against laws with respect to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (h) and fees in respect of any of those matters;
(j) any matter incidental to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (i).
Incorrect
Solution: d)
Article 323B {Tribunals for other matters}
The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect to all or any of the matters specified in clause (2) with respect to which such Legislature has power to make laws.
(2) The matters referred to in clause (1) are the following, namely: —
(a) levy, assessment, collection and enforcement of any tax;
(b) foreign exchange, import and export across customs frontiers;
(c) industrial and labour disputes;
(d) land reforms by way of acquisition by the State of any estate as defined in article 31A or of any rights therein or the extinguishment or modification of any such rights or by way of ceiling on agricultural land or in any other way;
(e) ceiling on urban property;
(f) elections to either House of Parliament or the House or either House of the Legislature of a State, but excluding the matters referred to in article 329 and article 329A;
(g) production, procurement, supply and distribution of food-stuffs (including edible oilseeds and oils) and such other goods as the President may, by public notification, declare to be essential goods for the purpose of this article and control of prices of such goods;
(h) rent, its regulation and control and tenancy issues including the right, title and interest of landlords and tenants;
(i) offences against laws with respect to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (h) and fees in respect of any of those matters;
(j) any matter incidental to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (i).
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Which of the following employees are covered by the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT)?
- Secretarial staff of the Parliament
- Officers and servants of the Supreme Court
- Members of the defence forces
Select the correct answer code:
Correct
Solution: d)
The Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) was set up in 1985 with the principal bench at Delhi and additional benches in different states.
The CAT exercises original jurisdiction in relation to recruitment and all service matters of public servants covered by it. Its jurisdiction extends to the all-India services, the Central civil services, civil posts under the Centre and civilian employees of defence services. However, the members of the defence forces, officers and servants of the Supreme Court and the secretarial staff of the Parliament are not covered by it.
Incorrect
Solution: d)
The Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) was set up in 1985 with the principal bench at Delhi and additional benches in different states.
The CAT exercises original jurisdiction in relation to recruitment and all service matters of public servants covered by it. Its jurisdiction extends to the all-India services, the Central civil services, civil posts under the Centre and civilian employees of defence services. However, the members of the defence forces, officers and servants of the Supreme Court and the secretarial staff of the Parliament are not covered by it.
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Question 4 of 5
4. Question
The final say in regard to inclusion or exclusion of socially and economically backward classes (SEBCs) is firstly with
Correct
Solution: c)
The Supreme Court held that “the final say in regard to inclusion or exclusion (or modification of lists) of SEBCs is firstly with the President, and thereafter, in case of modification or exclusion from the lists initially published, with the Parliament”.
In the task of identification of SEBCs, the President shall be guided by the Commission set up under Article 338B; its advice shall also be sought by the state in regard to policies that might be framed by it. If the commission prepares a report concerning matters of identification, such a report has to be shared with the state government, which is bound to deal with it, in accordance with provisions of Article 338B. However, the final determination culminates in the exercise undertaken by the President
Incorrect
Solution: c)
The Supreme Court held that “the final say in regard to inclusion or exclusion (or modification of lists) of SEBCs is firstly with the President, and thereafter, in case of modification or exclusion from the lists initially published, with the Parliament”.
In the task of identification of SEBCs, the President shall be guided by the Commission set up under Article 338B; its advice shall also be sought by the state in regard to policies that might be framed by it. If the commission prepares a report concerning matters of identification, such a report has to be shared with the state government, which is bound to deal with it, in accordance with provisions of Article 338B. However, the final determination culminates in the exercise undertaken by the President
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Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements.
- President has the power to issue Ordinance on those provisions which Parliament is not empowered to do.
- Ordinance passed by the President ceases to operate on the expiry of six weeks from the reassembly of Parliament.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?