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General Studies – 1
Topic: Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
On Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s 72nd death anniversary, his legacy remains more important than ever.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the contributions of Sardar Patel.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
In brief, write a few introductory lines about the Sardar Patel
Body:
First, write about contributions of pre-Independent India – raised in the countryside of state of Gujarat. He was a successful lawyer. He subsequently organized peasants from Kheda, Borsad, and Bardoli in Gujarat in non-violent civil disobedience against the British Raj, becoming one of the most influential leaders in Gujarat.
Next, write about contributions to independent India – popularly known as Sardar Patel was an Indian politician. He served as the first Deputy Prime Minister of India. He was an Indian barrister and statesman, a senior leader of the Indian National Congress and a founding father of the Republic of India who played a leading role in the country’s struggle for independence and guided its integration into a united, independent nation. Discuss how he prevented balkanization of the country.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing about present day legacy of Sardar Patel.
Topic: Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
Uniting India spiritually, culturally and historically has been one of the main missions of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. A sterling example of this is the month-long “Kashi-Tamil Sangamam”, which will culminate on December 16 in the world’s oldest living city — Kashi, also known as Varanasi.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the unity diversity in India and role of Kashi-Tamil Sangamam in highlighting it.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of Kashi-Tamil Sangamam.
Body:
In the first part, write in brief about the reasons for the organisation of Kashi-Tamil Sangamam and it connects culturally diverse regions.
Next, write about the vast diversity in India across regions, languages, religions and ethnicities etc and yet how the spirit of Ek Bharat Sreshtha Bharat’ has been upheld. Cite examples to substantiate.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability, e-governance applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential; citizens charters, transparency & accountability and institutional and other measures.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
The Right to Information (RTI) Act was passed by Parliament in 2005, aiming to give people access to the records of the Central and State governments. It was a vital reform to help activists and individuals ensure transparency and accountability in governance.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the performance of RTI act, 2005.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about aims and objectives behind RTI act, 2005.
Body:
First, in brief, write about the major features of RTI act, 2005
Next, write about the successes and achievements of RTI act. Cite examples to substantiate.
Next, write about the limitations of the above – dilution of the act, backlogs, barriers to information, limitations on accountability, corruption etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to overcoming the limitations.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial growth.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Live Mint , Insights on India
Why the question:
The Standing Committee on Finance recently tabled its report on the Competition (Amendment) Bill, 2022, in the Lok Sabha. The committee was directed to review the bill and submit its report within a short period of three months.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the potential and limitations of the Competition (Amendment) Bill, 2022 in ensuring the fair and competitive trade.
Directive word:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning the objectives behind Competition (Amendment) Bill, 2022.
Body:
First, write in detail the major features of the Competition (Amendment) Bill, 2022.
Next, write about the positive aspects of the bill in broadening the scope of ‘anti-competitive agreements’ and ensuring fair and competitive trade practise.
Next, write about the limitations of the bill.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
Topic: Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
Although, the industry is silent over the concerns of gig workers as they are nobody’s employees, acknowledging the importance of the gig community is vital.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the issues faced by gig workers, need to ensure and protect rights of gig workers.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining gig workers and present a statistic regarding the number of gig workers in the Indian economy.
Body:
In the first talk about the ambiguity in gig economy which results in the exploitation of gig workers – lack of formal employer-employee relationship, remuneration, rigidity of working hours and the working conditions etc.
Next, write about the benefits of regulating the gig economy and steps needed to protect the rights of workers and grant them social protection.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Probity in Governance: Concept of public service; Philosophical basis of governance and probity;
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of Mission-2022 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining what is Probity.
Body:
Argue on the lines that for a moral society, it is necessary for all the stakeholders- the government, the corporate and the civil society must express the highest levels of probity in public life. Congruence and alignment of morality among the stakeholders is a major prerequisite to ensure a harmonious and ethic al existence of all the players promoting a just society. Illustrate the same with suitable examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by saying that Probity is one of the main pillars for a just society.
Topic: Philosophical basis of governance and probity
7. Explain the essential attributes of ethical governance with examples. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of Mission-2022 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the attributes of ethical governance.
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining ethical governance.
Body:
Write about the various attributes of ethical governance – ethical behaviours, processes, procedures, culture, ways of doing and being that ensure high standards of performance, economy, effectiveness, efficiency, quality and satisfaction etc. Cite examples to substantiate.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
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