[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 12 Dec 2022

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• According to Clause 2, of Article 124, of the Indian constitution, the President with the consultation of the Chief Justice of India can appoint the judges of the Supreme Court. Such provisions are the same for the appointment of the judges of the High Court, where the President has to consult the Chief Justice of India, the Governor of the State and the Chief Justice of the High Court.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/12/12/the-problem-of-vacancies-in-the-indian-judiciary/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: The Union Government subsidies the urea manufacturing units for the cost of transportation to facilitate the availability of urea at the same maximum retail price all over the country. Also, the Government is subsidizing fertilizers for their availability at reasonable prices for agricultural purposes. See https://fert.nic.in/faq
• S2: Common knowledge.
• S3: Sulphur is a by-product of processing natural gas and refining high-sulphur crude oils. Even if they use low sulphur crude oil, there is still sulphur emission, so S3 is correct.
• The primary sources of sulfuric acid emissions are combustion of coal, and the industries that manufacture or use it in production, including metal smelters, phosphate fertilizer producers, oil refineries, the chemical industry, battery manufacturers, manufacturers of fabricated metal products, manufacturers of electronic components, and manufacturers of measuring and controlling devices. See https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/phosphate-fertilizer and https://ibm.gov.in/writereaddata/files/12152016105127IMYB2015_Sulphur_15122016_Adv.pdf

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/12/12/first-urea-and-now-dap-high-use-of-subsidised-fertilisers-raise-crop-yield-fears/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• About Namami Gange Programme:
  • It an Integrated Conservation Mission, approved as a ‘Flagship Programme’ in June 2014.
  • It seeks to accomplish the twin objectives of effective abatement of pollution and conservation and rejuvenation of National River Ganga.
  • It is being operated under Ministry of Jal Shakti.
• Implementation:
  • The program is being implemented by the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG), and its state counterpart organizations i.e., State Program ManagementGroups (SPMGs).
  • NMCG is the implementation wing of National Ganga Council (set in 2016; which replaced the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NRGBA).
  • National Ganga Council (NGC) was Created in October 2016 under the River Ganga (Rejuvenation, Protection and Management) Authorities Order, 2016. It is Headed by Prime Minister.
• Funding:
  • It has a Rs. 20,000-crore, centrally-funded, non-lapsable corpus and consists of nearly 288 projects.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/12/12/clean-ganga-changes-course-to-conservation-tourism-livelihood/

Ans: (a)

Explanation: About Artemis 1:

• NASA’s Orion capsule splashed down back to Earth on Sunday, December 11. This event marked the end of the inaugural Artemis 1 lunar mission exactly 50 years after Apollo’s final moon landing.
• An experimental mission, to check if the capsule can be trusted to ferry humans to the moon and back in future missions.
• It is the first in a series of missions planned to take humans back to the Moon.
• Explore the possibilities of an extended stay there
• To investigate the potential to use the Moon as a launch pad for deep space explorations.

refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/12/12/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-12-december-2022/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• The dugong is the only living representative of the once-diverse family Dugongidae; its closest modern relative, Steller’s sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas), was hunted to extinction in the 18th century. The dugong is the only strictly marine herbivorous mammal, as all species of manatee use fresh water to some degree.
• In India, it is found off the Gujarat Coast (Gulf of Kutch), Tamil Nadu coast (Gulf of Mannar), Palk Bay and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/12/12/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-12-december-2022/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S1: Dugong or the sea cow is the State animal of Andaman & Nicobar Islands.
• S2: It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
• S3: Its range spans 48 countries within the tropical and subtropical coastal and inland waters between east Africa and Vanuatu in Oceana.

refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/12/12/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-12-december-2022

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Loss of habitat is forcing the White-bellied Heron to lead an isolated lifestyle deep inside forests, and further pushing this critically endangered bird towards extinction, scientists have found in a new study.
• The white-bellied heron is categorised as ‘critically endangered’ in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red Data Book and is listed in Schedule IV in the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. It is one of the rarest birds in the world and is found only in Bhutan, Myanmar and the Namdapha Tiger Reserve in Arunachal Pradesh. It had also been recorded in the adjacent Kamlang Tiger Reserve in Lohit district in camera trap images.

refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/12/12/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-12-december-2022

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S2: Sea cucumber in India is treated as an endangered species listed under schedule I of Wildlife Protection Act of 1972.
• S1: They are marine invertebrates that live on the seafloor found generally in tropical regions. They’re named for their unusual oblong shape that resembles a fat cucumber.

refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/12/12/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-12-december-2022

Ans: (b)

Explanation;

• Agricultural Markets in most parts of the Country are established and regulated under the State APMC Acts. The whole geographical area in the State is divided and declared as a market area wherein the markets are managed by the Market Committees constituted by the State Governments. Once a particular area is declared a market area and falls under the jurisdiction of a Market Committee, no person or agency is allowed freely to carry on wholesale marketing activities.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2015

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S1: Six countries border with the Black Sea, including Ukraine to the north, Russia and Georgia to the east, Turkey to the south, and Bulgaria and Romania to the west.
• S3: Turkey and Greece are the only two countries to have a coastline on the Aegean Sea.
• S2: