[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 30 Nov 2022

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• A complex volcano, also called a compound volcano, is defined as one that consists of a complex of two or more vents, or a volcano that has an associated volcanic dome, either in its crater or on its flanks.
• A complex volcano does not rise from the ground as a distinct, singular dome but consists of multiple stratovolcanoes (volcanoes susceptible to explosive eruptions), conical hills and craters of all shapes and sizes.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/30/what-is-the-science-behind-volcanic-eruptions/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• CBDC is the legal tender issued by a central bank in digital form. This means, it is the same as a fiat currency and is exchangeable one-to-one with the fiat currency, but different in its form.
• The RBI has often expressed worries about private cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Ether) being used for money laundering, terror financing, and tax evasion.
• The introduction of its own CBDC has been viewed as a means of bridging the benefits and risks of digital currency.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/30/digital-rupee-pilot-project-launching-what-is-it-and-how-will-it-work/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Carbon capture utilization storage is the process of capturing waste carbon dioxide (CO2) from large point sources, such as fossil fuel power plants, and either transporting it to a storage site where it will not enter the atmosphere, normally an underground geological formation, or reusing it.
• In Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), emissions are forced into underground rocks at great cost and no economic benefit while CCUS aims at using CO2 emissions by exploiting the resource itself and creating new markets around it.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/30/niti-aayog-proposes-decarbonizing-industrial-emissions/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Geoengineering schemes are projects designed to tackle the effects of climate change directly, usually by removing CO2 from the air or limiting the amount of sunlight reaching the planet’s surface.
• The first category of scheme – those designed to remove CO2 from the air – include machines (sometimes called “artificial trees”) that pull the gas from the atmosphere using plastic polymers. Other proposals seek to increase the amount of CO2 absorbed by the oceans – for example by adding large quantities of lime to the water.
• In the second category – schemes designed to reduce the amount of sunlight reaching Earth – proposals include firing sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere to reflect sunlight back to space; using unmanned ships to increase above-ocean cloud cover by spraying sea water into the air; painting the world’s roofs white to increase reflectivity; and even floating thousands of tiny mirrors in space between Earth and the sun.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/30/niti-aayog-proposes-decarbonizing-industrial-emissions/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Carbon neutrality refers to achieving net zero carbon dioxide emissions by balancing carbon dioxide emissions with removal (often through carbon offsetting) or simply eliminating carbon dioxide emissions altogether (the transition to the “post-carbon economy”).
• Although both renewable and non-renewable energy both produce carbon emissions in some form, renewable energy has a lesser to almost zero carbon emissions.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/30/niti-aayog-proposes-decarbonizing-industrial-emissions/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• The Fujiwhara Effect is any interaction between tropical storms formed around the same time in the same ocean region with their centers or eyes at a distance of less than 1,400 km, with an intensity that could vary between a depression (wind speed under 63 km per hour) and a super typhoon (wind speed over 209 km per hour).
• The Fujiwhara effect was identified by Sakuhei Fujiwhara, a Japanese meteorologist whose first paper recognizing the Fujiwhara cases was published in 1921. The first known instance of the effect was in 1964 in the western Pacific Ocean when typhoons Marie and Kathy merged.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/30/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-november-2022/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Privacy is a constitutionally protected right which emerges primarily from the guarantee of life and personal liberty in Article 21 of the Constitution. Elements of privacy also arise in varying contexts from the other facets of freedom and dignity recognized and guaranteed by the fundamental rights contained in Part III.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/30/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-november-2022/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• High fresh water influx and sediments are unfavorable conditions for coral reef formations

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/30/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-november-2022/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• It is the world’s largest coral reef system created by billions of small animals called coral polyps.
• It is located in the Coral Sea, off the coast of Queensland, Australia, and this world’s largest single structure built by living creatures is visible from space.
• It supports a diverse range of life and was designated a World Heritage Site in 1981.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/30/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-november-2022/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Monkeypox virus is transmitted from one person to another by close contact with lesions, body fluids, respiratory droplets and contaminated materials such as bedding.
• Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease that occurs primarily in tropical rainforest areas of central and west Africa and is occasionally exported to other regions.
• Monkeypox is less contagious than smallpox and causes less severe illness.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/30/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-november-2022/