[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 25 Nov 2022

Ans: (d)

Explanation:About the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960:

• Seeks to “prevent the infliction of unnecessary pain or suffering on animals”.
• The Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI) was established in 1962 under Section 4 of the Act.
• This Act provides for punishment for causing unnecessary cruelty and suffering to animals. The Act defines animals and different forms of animals.
• It provides the guidelines relating to experimentation on animals for scientific purposes.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/25/a-tougher-law-to-prevent-cruelty-to-animals-need-and-concerns/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:Demand-Pull Inflation

• This type of inflation is caused due to an increase in aggregate demand in the economy.
• Causes of Demand-Pull Inflation:
• A growing economy or increase in the supply of money – When consumers feel confident, they spend more and take on more debt. This leads to a steady increase in demand, which means higher prices.
• Asset inflation or Increase in Forex reserves.
• Government spending or Deficit financing by the government – When the government spends more freely, prices go up.
  • Due to fiscal stimulus.
  • Increased borrowing.
  • Depreciation of rupee.
  • Low unemployment rate.
• Effects of Demand-Pull Inflation:
  • Shortage in supply
  • Increase in the prices of the goods (inflation).
  • The overall increase in the cost of living.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/25/why-is-it-essential-to-contain-domestic-inflation/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• There are multi-dimensional effects of inflation on an economy both at the micro and macro levels. Inflation redistributes wealth from creditors to debtors i.e. lenders suffer and borrowers benefit out of inflation. The opposite effect takes place when inflation falls (i.e. deflation).
• Holding money does not remain an intelligent economic decision (because money loses value with every increase in inflation).
• With every inflation the currency of the economy depreciates (loses its exchange value in front of a foreign currency) provided it follows the flexible currency regime rate is compared.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/25/why-is-it-essential-to-contain-domestic-inflation/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• NITI AYOG is a premiere policy think tank of the Government of India. It was established with the aim to achieve sustainable development goals by active involvement of state government in the planning process
• This premiere policy think tank was established in 2015 via an executive resolution by replacing the Planning Commission of India.

Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/25/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-25-november-2022/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• The total coal production in the country stands at 448 million tonnes (MT) as of October, 2022 which is 18 % higher than the production of the corresponding period of last year.
• Coal in India was first mined in 1774 by East India Company in Raniganj Coalfield along the Western bank of Damodar River. Today, India has the fifth largest coal reserves in the world. India is the second largest producer of coal in the world, after China.
• However, India is the second largest coal importer in the world and it imports mainly from Indonesia, Australia, South Africa and the United States. India lacks coking coal.

Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/25/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-25-november-2022/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• CITES, also known as the Washington Convention, is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals from the threats of international trade.
• It was drafted as a result of a resolution adopted in 1963 at a meeting of members of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The convention was opened for signature in 1973 and CITES entered into force on 1 July 1975.

Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/25/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-25-november-2022/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• To protect the animal in India, it is enlisted in Schedule 1 of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. Therefore, their hunting and trade are illegal in India. However, their poaching and illegal trade remain a challenge faced in the country.

Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/25/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-25-november-2022/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• It is the only floating park in the world, located in Manipur, North East India, and an integral part of Loktak Lake.
• The national park is characterized by many floating decomposed plant materials locally called phumdis.

The park is a swamp established by Mann Sharma with floating mass of vegetation (created by accrual of organic garbage and biomass with soil particles that has been thickened into a solid form called phumdis, at the south–eastern side of the Loktak Lake, which has been declared a Ramsar site. Two third’s to three fourth’s of the total park area is formed by phumdis.

• The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) defines the rights and responsibilities of nations with respect to their use of the world’s oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment, and the management of marine natural resources.
• International Seabed Authority (ISA) was established to organize, regulate and control all mineral-related activities in the international seabed area beyond the limits of national jurisdiction (referred to as “the Area”), an area underlying most of the world’s oceans. It is an organization established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
• The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) is an intergovernmental organization created by the mandate of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea. It was established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
• UNCLOS is the only international convention which stipulates a framework for state jurisdiction in maritime spaces. It provides a different legal status to different maritime zones. It provides the backbone for offshore governance by coastal states and those navigating the oceans

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/24/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-24-november-2022/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• National Innovation Foundation – India (NIF) is an autonomous body under the Department of Science and Technology (India), Government of India. It was set up in February 2000 at Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India to provide institutional support for scouting, spawning, sustaining and scaling up the grassroots innovations across the country.

NIF conducts a biennial national competition for grassroots green technologies (not highly advanced) developed by farmers, mechanics, artisans and others through their own genius without any recourse to professional help. NIF validates these innovations with the help of experts, and, ascertains the novelty in these innovations by doing prior art search. If the innovation is deemed novel, NIF files a patent on behalf of the innovator. NIF also funds value addition initiatives in these innovations to upscale them and make them more useful for a larger segment of people.

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is absurd. Increasing the amount of nitrogen based fertilizer does not lead to more micro-organisms in the field. If it did, just one dose of fertilizer would make a farm nitrogen rich for years together.
• Statement 2: Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers resulting in soil acidity is a well-known fact.
• Statement 3: Nitorgen fertilizers break down into nitrates and travel easily through the soil. Because it is water-soluble and can remain in groundwater for decades, the addition of more nitrogen over the years has an accumulative effect.