[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 24 Nov 2022

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Since its inception in 1950 and till 15 October 1989, the election commission functioned as a single member body consisting of the Chief Election Commissioner. On 16 October 1989, the president appointed two more election commissioners to cope with the increased work of the election
• commission on account of lowering of the voting age from 21 to 18 years. Thereafter, the Election Commission functioned as a multimember body consisting of three election commissioners.
• Any other election commissioner or a regional commissioner cannot be removed from office except on the recommendation of the chief election commissioner.
• EC determine the territorial areas of the electoral constituencies throughout the country on the basis of the Delimitation Commission Act of Parliament.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/24/election-commissioner-shouldnt-be-a-yes-man-supreme-court/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Though the constitution has sought to safeguard and ensure the independence and impartiality of the Election Commission, some flaws can be noted, viz.,
• The Constitution has not prescribed the qualifications (legal, educational, administrative or judicial) of the members of the Election Commission.
• The Constitution has not specified the term of the members of the Election Commission.
• The Constitution has not debarred the retiring election commissioners from any further appointment by the government.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/24/election-commissioner-shouldnt-be-a-yes-man-supreme-court/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• The Constitution of India has vested in the Election Commission of India the superintendence, direction and control of the entire process for conduct of elections to Parliament and Legislature of every State and to the offices of President and Vice-President of India.
• Election Commission of India is a permanent Constitutional Body. The Election Commission was established in accordance with the Constitution on 25th January 1950.
• The President appoints Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners. They have tenure of six years, or up to the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier. They enjoy the same status and receive salary and perks as available to Judges of the Supreme Court of India. The Chief Election Commissioner can be removed from office only through impeachment by Parliament.
• If elections are being held only for the Parliament, the expenditure is borne entirely by the Union Government while for the elections being held only for the State Legislature, the expenditure is borne entirely by the concerned State. In case of simultaneous elections to the Parliament and State Legislature, the expenditure is shared equally between the Union and the State Governments. For Capital equipment, expenditure related to preparation for electoral rolls and the scheme for Electors’ Identity Cards too, the expenditure is shared equally.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/24/election-commissioner-shouldnt-be-a-yes-man-supreme-court/

Ans: (d)

Explanation: Central Information Commission (CIC):

• Established by the Central Government in 2005, under the provisions of the Right to Information Act (2005).
• Members: The Commission consists of a Chief Information Commissioner and not more than ten Information Commissioners.
• Appointment: They are appointed by the President on the recommendation of a committee consisting of the Prime Minister as Chairperson, the leader of the single largest Opposition party in the Lok Sabha and a Union Cabinet Minister nominated by the Prime Minister.
• Tenure: The Chief Information Commissioner and an Information Commissioner shall hold office for such term as prescribed by the Central Government or until they attain the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier. They are not eligible for reappointment.
• Power and Functions of CIC:
  • It is the duty of the Commission to receive and inquire into a complaint from any person regarding information requested under RTI, 2005.
  • The Commission can order an inquiry into any matter if there are reasonable grounds (suo-moto power).
  • While inquiring, the Commission has the powers of a civil court in respect of summoning, requiring documents etc.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/24/india-is-losing-its-cherished-right-to-know/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:Lachit Borphukan

• He was a commander in the Ahom kingdom.
• Known for his leadership in the 1671 Battle of Saraighat that thwarted a drawn-out attempt by Mughal forces under the command of Ramsingh I to take over Ahom kingdom.
• The battle of Saraighat was fought on the banks of the Brahmaputra in Guwahati.
• The National Defence Academy (NDA), ever since 1999 has been conferring the best passing out cadet with the Lachit Borphukan gold medal.
• During the last phase of the Battle of Saraighat, when the Mughals attacked the Assamese forces through the river in Saraighat, many Assamese soldiers began losing their will to fight. It was Lachit’s clarion call to all the soldiers that made them fight till their last breath, ultimately resulting in the defeat of the Mughals.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/24/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-24-november-2022/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The Kuki people are an ethnic group native to the Mizo Hills (formerly Lushai) in India. They constitute one of several hill tribes within India, Bangladesh and Myanmar. The Chin people of Myanmar and the Mizo people of Mizoram are related tribes of the Kukis. The Kuki-Chin is a Christian community from Bangladesh’s Chittagong Hill Tracts, which shares close ethnic ties with people in Mizoram.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/24/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-24-november-2022/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S1: The Constitution does not define the criteria for recognition of Scheduled Tribes.
• However, Article 366(25) of the Constitution only provides process to define Scheduled Tribes: “Scheduled Tribes means such tribes or tribal communities or parts of or groups within such tribes or tribal communities as are deemed under Article 342 to be Scheduled Tribes for the purposes of this Constitution.”
• Article 342(1): The President may with respect to any State or Union Territory, and where it is a State, after consultation with the Governor, by a public notification, specify the tribes or tribal communities or part of or groups within tribes or tribal communities as Scheduled Tribe in relation to that State or Union Territory.
• S2: The Constitution empowers the President to specify the Scheduled Tribes (STs) in various states and union territories. Further, it permits Parliament to modify this list of notified STs.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/24/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-24-november-2022/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) defines the rights and responsibilities of nations with respect to their use of the world’s oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment, and the management of marine natural resources.
• International Seabed Authority (ISA) was established to organize, regulate and control all mineral-related activities in the international seabed area beyond the limits of national jurisdiction (referred to as “the Area”), an area underlying most of the world’s oceans. It is an organization established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
• The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) is an intergovernmental organization created by the mandate of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea. It was established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
• UNCLOS is the only international convention which stipulates a framework for state jurisdiction in maritime spaces. It provides a different legal status to different maritime zones. It provides the backbone for offshore governance by coastal states and those navigating the oceans

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/24/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-24-november-2022/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Also referred to as the ‘Paris Agreement for the Ocean’, the treaty to deal with Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction has been under discussion for several years.
• The proposed treaty concerns the ocean existing beyond the Exclusive Economic Zones that lie from the coast of a country to about 200 nautical miles or 370 km into the sea, till where it has special rights for exploration. Waters beyond that are known as open seas or high seas.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/24/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-24-november-2022/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• CITES at CoP 19 has eased rules for the export of Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) on the initiative of India. Currently, Shisham is in Appendix II (thus regulated), but now Shisham up to a certain weight can now be traded. This will allow Shisham handicrafts to be exported from India.
• Shisham is a deciduous tree native to the Indian subcontinent and Iran.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/11/24/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-24-november-2022/