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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Arrange the following ecosystems in the decreasing order of biomass productivity (g per metre square per year).
- Coral reefs
- Open Ocean
- Temperate Forests
- Swamps and marshes
Select the correct answer code:
Correct
Solution: b)
Incorrect
Solution: b)
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Algal bloom.
- An algal bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in freshwater systems.
- It is often recognized by the discoloration in the water from the algae’s pigments.
- An example of algal bloom is a kelp forest.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Solution: d)
An algal bloom or algae bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in freshwater or marine water systems. It is often recognized by the discoloration in the water from the algae’s pigments.
The term algae encompasses many types of aquatic photosynthetic organisms, both macroscopic multicellular organisms like seaweed and microscopic unicellular organisms like cyanobacteria. An example of a macroscopic algal bloom is a kelp forest.
Incorrect
Solution: d)
An algal bloom or algae bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in freshwater or marine water systems. It is often recognized by the discoloration in the water from the algae’s pigments.
The term algae encompasses many types of aquatic photosynthetic organisms, both macroscopic multicellular organisms like seaweed and microscopic unicellular organisms like cyanobacteria. An example of a macroscopic algal bloom is a kelp forest.
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Ecological Succession.
- The gradual and fairly predictable change in the species composition of a given area is called ecological succession.
- Primary succession begins in areas where natural biotic communities have been destroyed.
- The entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area are called sere(s).
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Solution: b)
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
- An important characteristic of all communities is that their composition and structure constantly change in response to the changing environmental conditions. This change is orderly and sequential, parallel with the changes in the physical environment. These changes lead finally to a community that is in near equilibrium with the environment and that is called a climax community. The gradual and fairly predictable change in the species composition of a given area is called ecological succession. During succession some species colonies an area and their population become more numerous whereas populations of other species decline and even disappear.
- The entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area are called sere(s). The individual transitional communities are termed seral stages or seral communities.
- Succession is hence a process that starts in an area where no living organisms are there – these could be areas where no living organisms ever existed, say bare rock; or in areas that somehow, lost all the living organisms that existed there. The former is called primary succession, while the latter is termed secondary succession.
• Secondary succession begins in areas where natural biotic communities have been destroyed such as in abandoned farm lands, burned or cut forests, lands that have been flooded. Since some soil or sediment is present, succession is faster than primary succession.
Incorrect
Solution: b)
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
- An important characteristic of all communities is that their composition and structure constantly change in response to the changing environmental conditions. This change is orderly and sequential, parallel with the changes in the physical environment. These changes lead finally to a community that is in near equilibrium with the environment and that is called a climax community. The gradual and fairly predictable change in the species composition of a given area is called ecological succession. During succession some species colonies an area and their population become more numerous whereas populations of other species decline and even disappear.
- The entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area are called sere(s). The individual transitional communities are termed seral stages or seral communities.
- Succession is hence a process that starts in an area where no living organisms are there – these could be areas where no living organisms ever existed, say bare rock; or in areas that somehow, lost all the living organisms that existed there. The former is called primary succession, while the latter is termed secondary succession.
• Secondary succession begins in areas where natural biotic communities have been destroyed such as in abandoned farm lands, burned or cut forests, lands that have been flooded. Since some soil or sediment is present, succession is faster than primary succession.
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Question 4 of 5
4. Question
An ecological pyramid is a diagrammatic presentation to describe trophic levels. How the knowledge of ecological pyramid can help us in conservation of an ecosystem?
- It helps us to recognize an invasive species.
- It helps us to identify bio-accumulation.
- It helps us to identify bio-magnification.
Select the correct answer code:
Correct
Solution: a)
Ecological pyramid doesn’t give evidence on introduction of new species.
Incorrect
Solution: a)
Ecological pyramid doesn’t give evidence on introduction of new species.
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Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements.
- The green plants in a terrestrial ecosystem capture about 1% of the energy of sunlight that falls on their leaves and convert it into food energy.
- The biomass in the upper trophic levels is generally very high as compared to the lower trophic levels.
- The energy pyramid of an ecosystem is always upright and narrows to the top.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Solution: b)
The green plants in a terrestrial ecosystem capture about 1% of the energy of sunlight that falls on their leaves and convert it into food energy.
When green plants are eaten by primary consumers, a great deal of energy is lost as heat to the environment, some amount goes into digestion and in doing work and the rest goes towards growth and reproduction.
An average of 10% of the food eaten is turned into its own body and made available for the next level of consumers.
Since each higher trophic level receives only a fraction of energy of the lower trophic levels, the energy pyramid is narrow at the top.
But, generally (barring some aquatic ecosystems) lower trophic levels have higher biomass as compared to the higher trophic levels.
Incorrect
Solution: b)
The green plants in a terrestrial ecosystem capture about 1% of the energy of sunlight that falls on their leaves and convert it into food energy.
When green plants are eaten by primary consumers, a great deal of energy is lost as heat to the environment, some amount goes into digestion and in doing work and the rest goes towards growth and reproduction.
An average of 10% of the food eaten is turned into its own body and made available for the next level of consumers.
Since each higher trophic level receives only a fraction of energy of the lower trophic levels, the energy pyramid is narrow at the top.
But, generally (barring some aquatic ecosystems) lower trophic levels have higher biomass as compared to the higher trophic levels.
