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General Studies – 1
Topic: Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
There are several examples — in water management for instance — of how our ancestors showed they were part of a super generation.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the development of water conservation techniques during ancient and medieval India.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about the development and progress of water conservation techniques in the ancient India – from Harappan water harvesting to post-Gupta structures such as Ghatiyantra etc. Substantiate with examples.
First, write about the development and progress of water conservation techniques in the Medieval India – during Sultanate, Mughal period, Chola and the Vijayanagar period.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising and their relevance in the present-day.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express , Indian Express
Why the question:
The Supreme Court empowering the police in Delhi, UP and Uttarakhand to initiate action against loose cannons indulging in hate speech suo motu irrespective of their religion, could end up being a double-edged weapon.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the consequences of hate speech and ways to address it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining hate speech.
Body:
First, write about the impact of hate speech on society,
Next, write in detail about various legal and constitutional measures that have been provided for curbing hate speech. Write about how far they have been successful or unsuccessful in achieving the desired results.
Finally, write about what can be done in future by government, judiciary, civil society etc so as to reduce instances of hate speech.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Development processes and the development industry —the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders.
Difficulty level: Moderate.
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
The Ministry of Home Affairs has cancelled the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act (FCRA) licence of Rajiv Gandhi Foundation (RGF) and Rajiv Gandhi Charitable Trust (RGCT), organisations that are associated with the Nehru-Gandhi family, for alleged violations of the provisions of the Act.
Key Demand of the question:
To understand the importance of NGOs and the impact of of FCRA on NGOs.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyze, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Briefly mention the role of NGOs in civil society.
Body:
Explain the three changes brought about by the amendment to FCRA and how it would impact the normal functioning of NGOs and on the other hand mention the intent behind such a legislation.
Mention the rationale behind such regulation.
Conclusion:
Conclude by stressing on striking a balance between promotion of NGOs and ensuring National security.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the characteristics of grassland ecosystems and the impact of various threats to it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning the spread of various grassland ecosystems across the world.
Body:
First, write about the characteristics of grassland ecosystems – limited annual rainfall, dry climate, Lack of nutrients, Frequent fires, vegetation growth dominated by grasses.
Next, write about the impact of various natural and human disturbances to grassland ecosystem – Landslides, flash floods, wind storms, harvesting, planting and hunting are activities that have affected the organisms and landscapes within this type of ecosystem. Animals that graze in grasslands can also help to erode the territory if they overfeed. Urban development, agricultural production and invasive plants are all factors that work to destroy grasslands.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning various measures taken to tackle to protect grasslands.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the cause, impact of biomagnification and how it is affecting Indian rivers.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining biomagnification.
Body:
First, in brief, explain the mechanism behind biomagnification.
Next, write about the various causes of biomagnification – Agricultural Products, Organic Contaminants, Plastic Pollution, Mining etc.
Next, write about the hazardous impact of biomagnification and how it is affecting Indian rivers. Substantiate with facts and examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning various measures that are needed to tackle biomagnification.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in-human actions;
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Reference: Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude by Lexicon Publications.
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about deontological ethics and its relationship with duty.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining deontology.
Body:
Explain that Deontology is duty ethics, so it compares a person’s actions against some duty or imperative. Discuss the rationale behind it. Write about the significance of the deontological ethics and with suitable illustrations explain it.
Conclusion:
Completed by summarising their importance.
Topic: Attitude: content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and behaviour;
7. What is your understanding of altruism? Discuss its need in the contemporary society. (150 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: stanford.edu
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Define altruism.
Body:
Elaborate, Everyday life is filled with small acts of altruism, from holding the door for strangers to giving money to people in need. News stories often focus on grander cases of altruism, such as a man who dives into an icy river to rescue a drowning stranger or a donor who gives thousands of dollars to a local charity.
Next, write about the need for altruism in the present day society.
Conclusion:
Summarise by highlighting the importance of altruism in present day and the need to use it for positive outcomes.
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