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General Studies – 1
Topic: Effects of globalization on Indian society.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
By choosing a Belarusian human rights campaigner and two civil liberty-focused organisations from Ukraine and Russia for this year’s Nobel Prize for Peace, the Norwegian Committee has once again offered its redoubtable support for voices that are critical of the authoritarianism and militarism of Moscow and its allies.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the how conferment if Nobel prize can strengthen voices of human rights and limitations associated with it.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about the significance of the conferment of a Nobel peace prize on certain individuals and organisations – creating awareness, recognising dissent, inspiring others etc.
Next, write about the limitations of the above – lack of support at ground level, politicised awards, authoritarian regimes etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by giving a balanced opinion
General Studies – 2
Topic: Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Live Mint , Insights on India
Why the question:
In the country, there are currently 629 District Consumer Courts and 35 Consumer Disputes Redressal Commissions where one can file a claim for compensation of up to ₹20 lakh against consumer goods producers, sellers, and service providers of different kinds. The unpleasant reality is that 4,029 of the 550,000 cases currently pending before these courts and commissions are 22 years old.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about making consumer courts more accessible and effective in order to protect the interests of the consumer.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by briefly mentioning aims and objectives of The Consumer Protection Act, 1986.
Body:
First, write about the major features of The Consumer Protection Act, 1986 and changes introduced by the amendment of Consumer Protection Act, 2019.
Next, write about the various challenges faced by the consumers in accessing and effectively utilising consumer courts and its outcome.
Next, suggest ways to overcome the challenges.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
India’s Presidency of the Group of 20, UN Security Council (UNSC) in 2022, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) in 2023 when major powers are not even talking to each other and India alone, now the fifth largest economy, is interacting with each of them, presents a historic opportunity.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about how India’s presidency of G20, SCO and UNSC offers an opportunity and how India should harness it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about India’s presidency of G20 and how India must use this as an opportunity to address multilateral issues.
Next, write about the SCO and how this can be used to further India interests in the region while resolving bilateral issues with China and Pakistan.
Next, write about how at UNSC India can push for reforms and try resolving major geopolitical crises.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising how all the above could lead to reinventing UN.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the role played by FDI in the Indian economy.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).
Body:
Write the various aspects of FDI in emerging economies – First, international flows of capital, diversification of lending and investment, global integration of capital markets, allows the transfer of technology and can also promote competition in the domestic input market etc. Substantiate with examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: issues relating to intellectual property rights.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the types of IPRs, issues in its administrations and steps to resolve them.
Directive:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start with the definition of IPR and its objectives.
Body:
First, write about the different types of IPRs.
Next, write about the various issues in IPRs administration – Patent Ever greening Prevention, Subsidies & IPR Issues, The Product Patents Process, Protecting traditional knowledge, Compulsory Licensing & Drug Price Control Order etc.
Next, write about the reforms that are needed.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) indicated that it will soon commence limited pilot launches of e-rupee (e`), or Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) or digital rupee, for specific use cases.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about CBDC, its potential benefits and challenges associated with it.
Directive word:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by explaining the emerging concept central bank digital currency (CBDC)
Body:
In the first part, write about potential benefits that India can accrue from CBDC. financial inclusion, the cashless society, decrease the cost of printing, expanding the digital economy and empowering citizens etc.
Next, write about potential challenges with regards to CBDC. User adoption, security, complexity, domination by Chinese and Opportunity cost due to RBI’s reluctance etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward as to how India should step up to CBDC.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in-human actions;
Difficulty level: Easy
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the many determinants in judging rightness or wrongness of an action.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning about moral relativism.
Body:
Write about the various determinants that are involved in deciding whether an action is moral right or wrong. Write about the variation or relativity of moral actions across time and space. Substantiate wit examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
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