[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 8 Oct 2022

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order 1950 provides that only those belonging to Hindu, Sikh and Buddhist communities can be categorised as SCs.
• Originally it was limited to only Hindus. However subsequent amendments in 1956 and 1990 included Sikhs and Buddhists.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/08/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-8-october-2022/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The Chief Justice of India and the Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President under clause (2) of Article 124 of the Constitution.
• The names are recommended by the Collegium.
• The collegium sends its final recommendation to the President of India for approval. The President can either accept it or reject it. In the case it is rejected, the recommendation comes back to the collegium. If the collegium reiterates its recommendation to the President, then he/she is bound by that recommendation.
• Appointment to the office of the Chief Justice of India should be of the senior most Judge of the Supreme Court considered fit to hold the office.
• Whenever there is any doubt about the fitness of the senior most Judge to hold the office of the Chief Justice of India, consultation with other Judges as envisaged in Article 124 (2) of the Constitution would be made for appointment of the next Chief Justice of India.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/08/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-8-october-2022/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The Judges Enquiry Act (1968) regulates the procedure relating to the removal of a judge of a high court by the process of impeachment.
• A removal motion signed by 100 members (in the case of Lok Sabha) or 50 members (in the case of Rajya Sabha) is to be given to the Speaker/Chairman.
• The Speaker/Chairman may admit the motion or refuse to admit it.
• If it is admitted, then the Speaker/Chairman is to constitute a three-member committee to investigate into the charges.
• The procedure is same for a SC judge.
• After the motion is passed by each House of Parliament by special majority, an address is presented to the president for removal of the judge.
• Finally, the president passes an order removing the judge.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/08/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-8-october-2022/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The High Courts and the Supreme Court form one single integrated judiciary having jurisdiction and providing remedies in all cases arising under the constitutional law, the civil law or the criminal law.
• The Supreme Court was created under the Constitution, and is a relatively new court. On the other hand, some of the High Courts in our country have been in existence since the 1860s.
• The Indian Constitution envisaged the equality of power of High Court judges and Supreme Court judges, with a High Court judge not being a subordinate of a Supreme Court judge.
• The Supreme Court has, on many occasions, reiterated the position that the Supreme Court is superior to the High Court only in the appellate sense.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/08/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-8-october-2022/

• The Prime Minister constitutes Standing Committees of the Cabinetand sets out the specific functions assigned to them. He can add or reduce the number of committees.
• Parliamentary Affairs: The Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairsdraws the schedule for Parliament sessions and monitors the progress of government business in Parliament. It scrutinises non-government business and decides which official Bills and resolutions are to be presented.
• Political Affairs: The Cabinet Committee on Political Affairsaddresses problems related to Centre-state relations. It also examines economic and political issues that require a wider perspective but have no internal or external security implications.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/07/parliamentary-committees-their-leaders-and-their-role-in-law-making/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• The Supreme Court (or rather, a section of its judges, called “the Collegium”) has the power to appoint judges and chief justices to the High Courts and the Supreme Court. This Collegium also has the power to transfer judges and chief justices from one High Court to another. Second, successive governments have passed laws that create parallel judicial systems of courts and tribunals which provide for direct appeals to the Supreme Court, bypassing the High Courts.
• The Supreme Court was created under the Constitution, and is a relatively new court. On the other hand, some of the High Courts in our country have been in existence since the 1860s (and some existed even before that).

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/08/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-8-october-2022/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• How are district judges currently recruited?
• Articles 233 and 234 of the Constitution of India deal with the appointment of district judges, and place it in the domain of the states.
• The selection process is conducted by the State Public Service Commissions and the concerned High Court, since High Courts exercise jurisdiction over the subordinate judiciary in the state. Panels of High Court judges interview candidates after the exam and select them for appointment.
• All judges of the lower judiciary up to the level of district judge are selected through the Provincial Civil Services (Judicial) exam. PCS(J) is commonly referred to as the judicial services exam.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/08/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-8-october-2022/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• A CBDC is the legal tender issued by a central bank in a digital form. It is the same as a fiat currency and is exchangeable one-to-one with the fiat currency. Only its form is different.
• CBDC is a digital or virtual currency but it is not comparable to the private virtual currencies that have mushroomed over the last decade. Private virtual currencies sit at substantial odds to the historical concept of money. They are not commodities or claims on commodities as they have no intrinsic value.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/08/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-8-october-2022/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Lending to the agriculture sector, like that to MSMEs or Housing, is clubbed under priority sector which banks are mandated to do. Before the start of the kharif-rabi cycle, banks are given district-wise targets to lend to each priority sector.The State Level Bankers Conference (SLBC) — a body of bankers in the state — fixes this by taking in consideration the scale of finance for individual districts. For the agricultural sector, banks extend for short term and long-term loans at concessional interest rates. The short-term loan is known as crop loans as banks extend this before the start of the cropping cycle.
• There are structural differences in the way scheduled commercial banks and cooperative banks approach this.
• Cooperative banks operate through village level Primary Agricultural Cooperative Societies (PACS) — cooperative bodies of individual farmers at the village level.
• On the other hand, state commercial banks deal with farmers individually.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/08/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-8-october-2022/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• It is a high altitude national park in Ladakh, India. Globally famous for its snow leopards, it is believed to have the highest density of them in any protected area in the world.
• It is the only national park in India that is north of the Himalayas, the largest notified protected area in India (largest National park) and is the second largest contiguous protected area, after the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve and surrounding protected areas.
• The park is bounded on the north by the banks of the Indus River.
• No metalled or motorable roads traverse the park.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/08/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-8-october-2022/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: Namdapha National Park is a large protected area in Arunachal Pradesh of Northeast India. It is a biodiversity hotspot in the Eastern Himalayas.
• S2: The national park harbours the northernmost lowland evergreen rainforests in the world at 27°N latitude. It also harbours extensive dipterocarp forests, comprising the northwestern parts of the Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests ecoregion. It is the fourth largest national park in India.
• S3: The Namdapha flying squirrel was first collected in the park and described. It is endemic to the park and critically endangered. It was last recorded in 1981 in a single valley within the park.

Refer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namdapha_National_Park