[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 5 Oct 2022

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• India’s Mars Orbiter spacecraft has completed seven years in its orbit, well beyond its designed mission life of six months.
• MOM is the maiden interplanetary mission of ISRO. Launched on November 5, 2013, the probe was successfully
• inserted into Martian orbit on September 24, 2014 in its first attempt.
• MOM is primarily a technology demonstration venture. The main lessons learnt were in the field of design and realisation of systems and subsystems, launch for interplanetary mission, insertion into other planet’s orbit, operation of the spacecraft and scientific instruments around Mars orbit.
• The spacecraft was launched by PSLV as GSLV was not in operational condition then.

Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/05/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-5-october-2022/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Since it is a code of conduct framed on the basis of a consensus among political parties, it has not been given any legal backing.
• Although a committee of Parliament recommended that the code should be made a part of the Representation of the People Act 1951, the ECI did not agree to it on the ground that once it becomes a part of law, all matters connected with the enforcement of the code will be taken to court, which would delay elections.

Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/05/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-5-october-2022/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Who appoints judges to the SC?
  • In exercise of the powers conferred by clause (2) of Article 124 of the Constitution of India, the appointments are made by the President of India.
  • The names are recommended by the Collegium.
• Eligibility to become a Supreme Court judge:
  • The norms relating to the eligibility has been envisaged in the Article 124 of the Indian Constitution.
  • To become a judge of the Supreme court, an individual should be an Indian citizen.
  • In terms of age, a person should not exceed 65 years of age.
  • The person should serve as a judge of one high court or more (continuously), for at least five years or the person should be an advocate in the High court for at least 10 years or a distinguished jurist.
• Is the collegium’s recommendation final and binding?
  • The collegium sends its final recommendation to the President of India for approval. The President can either accept it or reject it. In the case it is rejected, the recommendation comes back to the collegium. If the collegium reiterates its recommendation to the President, then he/she is bound by that recommendation.

Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/05/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-5-october-2022/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The Judges Enquiry Act (1968) regulates the procedure relating to the removal of a judge of a high court by the process of impeachment.
• A removal motion signed by 100 members (in the case of Lok Sabha) or 50 members (in the case of Rajya Sabha) is to be given to the Speaker/Chairman.
• The Speaker/Chairman may admit the motion or refuse to admit it.
• If it is admitted, then the Speaker/Chairman is to constitute a three-member committee to investigate into the charges.
• The procedure is same for a SC judge.
  • After the motion is passed by each House of Parliament by special majority, an address is presented to the president for removal of the judge.
  • Finally, the president passes an order removing the judge.

Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/05/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-5-october-2022/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The speaker has the discretion to accept or reject the motion, so S1 is wrong.
• S2:It has not been defined.
• S3 and S4 are well known and can be verified here https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/impeachment-explainer-and-options-before-oppn-if-chairman-rejects-motion-118042000800_1.html

Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/10/05/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-5-october-2022/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Since S3 is clearly incorrect, the answer must be A.
• According to Articles 102(1)(a) and 191(1)(a) of Constitution, legislators (MP or MLA) can be barred from holding office of profit under Central Government or state government as it can put them in position to gain financial benefit.
• The Supreme Court recently held that the Parliament (Prevention of Disqualification) Amendment Act, 2006 exempting 55 offices occupied by members of Parliament from disqualification was constitutionally valid. See https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Supreme-Court-upholds-office-of-profit-law/article16876481.ece

Refer: UPSC CSE 2019

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S1:Thematic mappers take images in multiple wavelengths of electro-magnetic radiation (multi-spectral) and based on this survey – maps of land cover and land use from thematic mapping can be used to prospect for minerals, detect or monitor land usage, detect invasive vegetation, deforestation, and examine the health of indigenous plants and crops, including entire farming regions or forests. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_sensing#Applications_of_remote_sensing
• S2: Radiometers and photometers are the most common instrument in use, collecting reflected and emitted radiation in a wide range of frequencies. They may also be used to detect the emission spectra of various chemicals, providing data on chemical concentrations in the atmosphere.
• S3: It is possible to measure land surface temperatures, see here https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/met.287

Refer: UPSC CSE 2019

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S1 and S2: Large but poorly known amounts of methane are trapped in the sediments beneath the sea floor , frozen into a form of water ice called methane hydrate.
• At low temperatures the methane hydrates on the sea floor are stable, but if the water and the sea floor become warmer, then the hydrates can break down. Because microorganisms then oxidize the resulting methane gas to form the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2), methane hydrates have recently become a topic of intense discussion within the context of climate change. See https://worldoceanreview.com/en/wor-1/energy/methane-hydrates/
• S3:Methane is relatively short-lived in the atmosphere; a molecule of methane is oxidized to water and carbon dioxide within a decade or so, mainly by reaction with another trace gas, the hydroxyl radical OH-. Thus, unlike the case of carbon dioxide (which stays in the atmosphere longer than methane), a concerted effort to reduce methane emissions would have almost immediate results in terms of reduction of greenhouse effect. See http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/virtualmuseum/climatechange1/03_3.shtml  

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Agricultural crop residue burning contribute towards the emission of greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O, CH4), air pollutants (CO, NH3, NOx, SO2, NMHC, volatile organic compounds), particulates matter and smoke thereby posing threat to human health.
• Satellite observations have revealed elevated levels of O3(Ozone), CO and aerosols over vast areas of Central Africa and South America, over the tropical Atlantic, and the Indian Ocean due to long-range transport of pollutants emitted from biomass burning.
• See http://www.aaqr.org/files/article/619/40_AAQR-13-01-OA-0031_422-430.pdf

Refer: UPSC CSE 2019

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S3: Mandakini originates from the Chorabari Glacier near Kedarnath in Uttarakhand, India. Mandakini is fed by Vasukiganga River at Sonprayag.
• S5: The Manas river system as a whole in Bhutan constitutes a length of 3,200 kilometres (2,000 mi), the main stem of the river is the Manas or Gongri river, which originates in the West Kameng District of Arunachal Pradesh in India.  Zemu is located in Sikkim.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2019