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General Studies – 1
Topic: Social empowerment
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
Bezwada Wilson, 56, born in Kolar to manual scavenger parents, has dedicated his life to the cause of eradicating the demeaning practice in India. He leads the Safai Karmachari Andolan, a movement for and with sanitation workers, women, men and children, whose social background and economic marginality push them into a type of labour that should have been eliminated long ago.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the caste discrimination and its role in the practice of manual scavenging and lessons from life of Gandhi and Ambedkar to eliminate this practice.
Directive:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, Present few facts about manual scavenging in the country and its association with caste system. Explain why it is more of a social evil in our country. Discuss the efforts of the government to curb such a system and highlight the lacunae in the measures taken by the government.
Next, write about lessons we can take from the life of Mahatma Gandhi and Dr B.R Ambedkar to put an end to this practice.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus (Revision) of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the issues in SCO and its impact on the overall efficacy of the organisation.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about aims and objectives of SCO.
Body:
In the first part, write about the various disagreements withing the SCO – India-China, Russia-China, Impact of Ukraine war, lack of consensus etc
Next, Highlight the importance of SCO for India – focus on the advantages that India can gain in bilateral relations and in the larger Eurasian region.
Next, write the measures that need to be taken to enhance the efficacy of SCO.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Insights on India , Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus (Revision) of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the efficacy of NPT in preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons.
Directive:
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving the aims and objectives of NPT and context of its inception.
Body:
First, write about the successes of NPT in preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons – cite examples to substantiate your points.
Next, write about the limitations of the NPT in the checking the growth and spread of the nuclear weapons – Cite facts and examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a balanced opinion regarding NPT.
Topic: Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express , The Hindu
Why the question:
The historic judgment of the Supreme Court Bench led by Justice D.Y. Chandrachud that unmarried women in a consensual relationship are also entitled to safe and legal abortion along with its strong emphasis on women’s right to bodily autonomy without the need for authorisation from a third-party to access abortion was welcomed as “progressive” and a “ray of hope” at a time sexual and reproductive rights have come under threat globally.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the various issues in India’s abortion law and the impact of recent SC judgement on it.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about the various issues Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act 2021 as to why the practise of illegal and unsafe abortions continues in the county – distinction between married and unmarried, lack of awareness, discrimination, stigma, lack of counselling etc. Write about its impact on the women
Next, write about how the recent judgement of SC will impact the above.
Conclusion:
Comment with a balanced way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The Ministry of Communications released a draft of the Indian Telecommunication Bill, 2022 last week for public comments. Since then, the draft has generated a significant amount of discussion on various changes that it proposes to make to the current telecom regulatory framework.
Key Demand of the question:
To critically examine the draft Indian Telecommunications 2022 bill, its positives and limitations.
Directive word:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving aims and objectives of the draft Indian Telecommunications 2022 bill
Body:
In the first part, mention salient features of the draft Indian Telecommunications 2022 bill
Next, write about how the draft Indian Telecommunications 2022 bill will result in addressing problems in the telecom sector by generating more revenue, equitable growth etc.
Next, write about the limitation the proposed draft bill.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Down to Earth
Why the question:
Some governments might decide to “geoengineer” the planet by spraying substances into the upper atmosphere to form fine reflective aerosols — a process known as stratospheric aerosol injection.
Key Demand of the question:
To analyse if Geo-engineering could be a viable option to overcome the climate crisis.
Directive word:
Critically analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgement.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the answer by defining geo-engineering.
Body:
You can use a bubble diagram to show the various modes of geo-engineering such as Shoot Mirrors into Space (Solar Sunscreen), Copy a Volcano, Build Fake Trees etc.
In the first part of the body, write about how the above strategies work and will be beneficial for the planet above and over existing mitigation strategies to tide over the climate crisis. Clearly outline as to why it may be needed.
In the next part, mention about the major drawbacks, impediments and concerns regarding the implementation of the above strategies
Conclusion:
End your answer that existing strategies should be implemented on a war footing, but alternative ideas must also be considered, planned and studied about just in case of a climate emergency.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Case Study
(a) What are the options available to under the given situation?
(b) Critically examine the options listed by you.
(c) What type of mechanism would you suggest to ensure environmental compliance?
Difficulty level: Moderate
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving the context. Bring out the key stakeholders in the above case study and major ethical issues present.
Body:
In the body, write about the rational course of action available for you as the officer in charge.
Next, give valid arguments for the both the above-mentioned courses of action that you can take. Evaluate its pros and cons in detail.
Next, write about the compliance you will take suggest justify that ethically.
Next, write about major ethical dilemmas you will face.
Conclusion:
Conclude by stressing on the importance of rationality and courage in decision making.
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