[Mission 2023] QUED ( Questions from Editorials ) 29 August 2022

Solution: d)

Ozone depleting substances include:

• chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
• hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs)
• hydrobromoflurocarbons (HBFCs)
• halons
• methyl bromide
• carbon tetrachloride
• methyl chloroform.

Solution: b)

About World Trade Organization (WTO):

• The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations.
• At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world’s trading nations and ratified in their parliaments.
• The WTO’s goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business.
• The WTO Ministerial Conference is the highest decision-making body of the World Trade Organization.
• This conference is attended by the Trade Ministers and other officials from the organization’s 164 members. So far from 1996, there have been 12 ministerial conferences.
• WTO is a consensus-based, members-driven organization. The main advantage of this approach is that the decision taken is acceptable to all members.
• Under the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the WTO, the Ministerial Conference is to meet at least once every two years.

Solution: a)

While the EC has the power to register parties under the Representation of the People Act, 1951, it does not have the power to deregister parties that are inactive.

The election commission has the right to allow symbols to the political parties. It gives recognition to the national parties, state parties and regional parties. It sets limits on poll expenses. The commission prepare electoral rolls and update the voter’s list from time to time. Notifications of dates and schedules of election for filing nominations are issued by the commission. It is noteworthy that Election commission cannot allot same symbol to two regional political parties even if they are not in the same state.

Solution: c)

Madhya Pradesh has the largest tribal population of the country, with 46 recognised scheduled tribes, of which three are Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTG).

The Bhil community comprises nearly 40 per cent of the total tribal population followed by the Gond tribe that constitute another 34 per cent of the 1.53 crore tribal population.

The state government announced the implementation of the Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996, which allows self-governance through traditional gram sabhas for people living in scheduled areas. This was followed by legalising mohua, a staple drink of the tribals, which will be sold as ‘heritage liquor’.

Solution: d)

A managed-exchange-rate system is a hybrid or mixture of the fixed and flexible exchange rate systems in which the government of the economy attempts to affect the exchange rate directly by buying or selling foreign currencies or indirectly, through monetary policy (i.e., by lowering or raising interest rates on foreign currency bank accounts, affecting foreign investment, etc.).Today, most of the economies have shifted to this system of exchange rate determination. Almost all countries tend to intervene when the markets become disorderly or the fundamentals of economics are challenged by the exchange rate of the time.