[MISSION 2023] Insights SECURE : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 26 August 2022

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General Studies – 1

Topic: population and associated issues,

1. What is ageism? Ageism has serious and wide-ranging consequences for people’s health and well-being. Analyse. What are the ways to combat its negative repercussions on the contemporary society? (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Indian Express

Why the question:

We recently observed International Youth Day on August 12. The objective of this occasion is to amplify the message that action is needed across all generations to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and leave no one behind. It will also raise awareness about certain barriers to intergenerational solidarity, notably ageism, which impacts young and old persons, while having detrimental effects on society as a whole.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about ageism, its consequences and steps required to combat it.

Directive:

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Begin by defining ageism and give related statistic in India.

Body:

First, write about the consequences of ageism – Among older people, ageism is associated with poorer physical and mental health, increased social isolation and loneliness, greater financial insecurity, decreased quality of life and premature death.

Next, write about the steps that are needed to combat ageism in the country.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

General Studies – 2

Topic: Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.

2. The president is the foremost, most empowered and prompt defender of the constitution, who has pre-emptive power for ensuring constitutionality in the actions of the executive or legislature. Discuss. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the role of President of India in the Indian executive.

Directive word: 

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving a brief about president as the head of the Indian state.

Body:

First, write about the role of the president as the defender of the constitution.

Next, discuss how he is a titular head – He is the nominal head of the government but the real power lies with the Prime Minister. Discuss article 53, 74, 75 etc.

Next, write about where President’s powers and does not act as a rubber stamp. For Example -Veto powers of president like pocket veto, suspensive veto etc.

Conclusion:

Conclude by summarising.

Topic: Parliament and State legislatures—structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.

3. Debates are the lifeline of Parliament; their absence will diminish the institution, put a question mark on the next set of laws and deepen already hardening fault lines. In the light of recent events, examine the aforementioned statement. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about importance of debates in the parliament for our democracy.

Directive word: 

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Introduction: 

Begin by writing about the importance of parliamentary debates and discussion to our democracy.

Body:

Further elaborate how these debates and deliberations are enriching for our democracy. Cite examples to substantiate your points.

Next, give instances of reduced discussions on debates in key national issues in the parliament.

Next, evaluate the legislative process with respect of debates and discussions. Mention hasty passage of bills, frequent litigations, lack of expertise, bypassing Rajya Sabha, lack of referral to parliamentary committees etc.

Mention the measures that are needed to remedy this situation.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.

4. The covid-19 pandemic has presented a watershed moment, bringing the world’s healthcare systems to a halt, forcing us to rethink existing healthcare delivery models and embrace the digital transformation of the sector. Discuss. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Live Mint

Why the question:

To actualize long-term goals of augmenting India’s healthcare system, it is imperative to cohesively adopt and implement a healthcare framework with digital technology at its core.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the digital transformation needed in the healthcare system of the country and ways to achieve it.

Directive:

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving context.

Body:

In the first part, write about the need for having digital transformation as highlighted by the pandemic and the benefits its offers.

Next, write about the various steps taken in this regard – Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission, national Digital health mission etc

Next, wite about further steps that are needed to achieve a holistic transformation of the sector.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

General Studies – 3

Topic: issues of buffer stocks and food security;

5. Ensuring food security to the poor is not only essential to protect them from another impending global food crisis, but also important for alleviating distress in our rural economy. Analyse. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Live Mint

Why the question:

The Global Drought Observatory has reported that drought is likely to affect 47% of European soil. The latest EU forecast suggests a decline of 16% for maize to 5% for wheat and 8-10% for edible oil. With parts of Ukraine witnessing lower sowing due to the war, the net impact of global food supply shocks will be felt everywhere.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about factors that can lead to a global food crisis and steps needed to safeguard India’s vulnerable.

Directive:

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving context.

Body:

First, write the concerns associated with a possible impending global food crisis and factors that are leading towards it.

Next, highlight the vulnerability of India to any possible food crisis and how it will affect the poor and the overall impact.

Next, write about the steps that are needed this regard to mitigate adverse impact of global food crisis.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.

6. In the near future, there would be more severe irreversible repercussions if the necessary efforts to reduce these increased human-wildlife conflicts were not adopted. It has become important to reduce the growing conflicts between humans and wild animals in light of this serious economic and environmental issue. Examine. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India

Why the question:

Wild elephants in Odisha face imminent danger from live electric wires. Several tuskers have fallen prey to low-hanging naked wires and even traps with live conduction by poachers, raising a serious question regarding their safety.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about factors that can lead to a global food crisis and steps needed to safeguard India’s vulnerable.

Directive:

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by defining human-animal conflict and statistics related to it.

Body:

First, discuss what the main causes of man wildlife conflict are – The cause of human wildlife conflict was human settlement, agricultural expansion, illegal grass collection, over grazing by livestock and deforestation in national park.

Next, write about its consequence – As a result, local communities disliked wildlife inhabiting in and around their surroundings. human population growth and expansion, habitat degradation and fragmentation, land use transformation and increasing densities of livestock grazing in protected areas are considered as major causes of man-carnivore conflicts.

Next, Write about the various government policies and programmes in this direction. Also, write about the further steps that are needed in this regard.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

General Studies – 4

Topic:  Case Study

7. One of the scientists working in the R&D laboratory of a major pharmaceutical company discovers that one of the company’s bestselling veterinary drugs has the potential to cure a currently incurable liver disease which is prevalent in tribal areas. However, developing a variant of the drug suitable for human being entailed a lot of research and development having a huge expenditure to the extent of Rs. 50 crores. It was unlikely that company would recover the cost as the disease was rampant only in poverty stricken areas having very little market otherwise.

If you were the CEO, then

(a) Identify the various actions that you could take

(b) Evaluate the pros and cons of each of your actions (250 Words) (20 M) (UPSC 2015)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Start by giving the context. Bring out the key stakeholders in the above case study and major ethical dilemmas present.

Body:

In the body, write about the various course of action available for you as the CEO.

Next, give valid arguments for the both the above-mentioned courses of action that you can take. Evaluate its pros and cons in detail

Conclusion:

Write about the course of action you will take.

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