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General Studies – 1
Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about factors affecting rainfall distribution and impact of climate change on it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Give a brief introduction of the rainfall pattern of the Indian subcontinent.
Body:
First, give a detailed description of various factors such as the direction of winds, pressure conditions, El Nino and La Nina, etc., which affect the distribution of rainfall in India. Draw a map for better representation.
In the next part, explain how the pattern has been changing due to climate change e.g., changes in terms of intensity, duration, frequency, and spatial distribution. Write about its impact.
Conclusion:
Write about the ways to overcome the negative impact of climate change on rainfall distribution.
Topic: population and associated issues
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The UN report, World Population Prospects 2022, forecasts that the world’s population will touch eight billion this year and rise to 9.8 billion in 2050. What is of immediate interest to India is that its population will surpass China’s by 2023 and continue to surge.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the role of education and healthcare in reaping India’s demographic dividend.
Directive:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining demographic dividend.
Body:
First, write about the potential of demographic dividend in India especially in the context of recent report by the U.N.
Next, write about how quality education will help in realising demographic dividend in the country. Substantiate with facts and examples.
Next, write about how quality healthcare will help in realising demographic dividend in the country. Substantiate with facts and examples.
Next, mention the other factors that are needed.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Live Mint
Why the question:
Five years of India’s regional air connectivity scheme, UDAN, would call for celebrations as well as a look at the lessons learnt since its launch.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the achievements and limitations of UDAN scheme five years after its inception.
Directive word:
Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning the aims and objectives of UDAN scheme.
Body:
First, give a brief about the major features of the UDAN scheme.
Next, write about the various achievements of UDAN scheme in promotion regional connectivity and making air travel affordable. Substantiate with examples and facts,
Next, write about the shortcomings of UDAN scheme and any other improvements needed to make it more successful.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward to overcome the shortcomings.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
July’s provisional trade data should trigger early warning signals among policymakers, as the first year-on-year contraction in exports in 17 months, albeit marginal, and a 44% jump in imports, sharply widened the trade deficit to a third successive monthly record.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the trade deficit and current account deficit, reasons for its increase and its impact on the Indian economy.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining trade deficit and current account deficit.
Body:
Frist, write about the factors that have led to increasing trade deficit and current account deficit in the recent past.
Next, write impact increased trade deficit and current account deficit will have on the Indian economy. Substantiate with facts and examples.
Next, write about ways to mitigate impact of negative impact of increasing trade deficit and current account deficit.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Live Mint
Why the question:
Some estimates say we need to create 90 million jobs by 2030 to absorb new entrants to the workforce, a tall order. New research by economist Amit Basole of Azim Premji University flags a distinct feature of this challenge.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about implications of jobless growth and ways to fix it.
Directive word:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by explaining jobless growth.
Body:
First, mention that the model of economic growth prioritises capital over labour and is unlikely to resolve the unemployment crisis. Mention about labour replacement technologies such as 3D printers, AI etc that is replacing human labour.
Next, write about various concerns with respect to jobless growth in the economy.
Next, stress on the fact that the unorganised sector contributes highly to employment creation. Further mention the need for high end skill training of our existing labour force and planned training coupled with placements along with social security needs, more focus on services sector etc is the need of the hour.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Down to Earth , The Hindu
Why the question:
The Union Cabinet, chaired by Mr. Modi, on Wednesday approved an update to India’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), which is a formal communication to the United Nations, spelling out steps to be taken by the country towards keeping global temperatures from rising beyond 2°C by the end of the century.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the changes to India’s NDC and its impact.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context India’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC).
Body:
First, write about India’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) as part of Paris agreement and then mention the recent changes introduced in it.
Next, write about the positive and negative impact of such changes to India’s global pledges and how it will impact India’s ability to achieve climate goals.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in-human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics – in private and public relationships.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude by Lexicon Publications.
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Abstract Thursdays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the efficacy of being fearlessly morally upright.
Directive:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by writing what you understand by being fearlessly morally upright.
Body:
Write about the various ethical issues involved in being fearlessly morally upright.
Next, analyse the pros and cons of being fearlessly morally upright and how its affects the administration and the civil servant. Substantiate with examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by giving your view being fearlessly morally upright.
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