[Mission 2023] INSIGHTS STATIC QUIZ, 04 August 2022 – Geography

Solution: b)

The ranges of the Western Himalayas are more continuous compared to Eastern Himalayas.

The southernmost part of Northwest Himalayan region or Kashmir Himalayan region consists of longitudinal valleys known as ‘duns’. Jammu dun and Pathankot dun are important examples.

The Himachal and Uttarakhand Himalayas lies approximately between the Ravi in the west and the Kali (a tributary of Ghaghara) in the east.

Solution: d)

Sutlej, a tributary of Indus River enters India at Shipki La pass.

Solution: c)

The Delhi Ridge is said to be the green lungs for the city and protects Delhi from the hot winds of the deserts of Rajasthan to the west. The ridge consists of quartzite rocks covering a distance of approximately 35 km.

It is a northern extension of the ancient Aravalli Range.

It is believed that the dismemberment of the Himalayan river system was probably due to the Pleistocene upheaval in the western Himalayas, including the uplift of the Potwar Plateau (Delhi Ridge), which acted as the water divide between the Indus and Ganga drainage systems. It continues to be a major water divide.

Solution: d)

Discordant or Insequent drainage patterns

• A drainage pattern is described as discordant if it does not correlate to the topology (surface relief features)and geology of the area.
• In simple words, in a discordant drainage pattern, the river follows its initial path irrespective of the changes in topography.
• Discordant drainage patterns are classified into two main types: antecedent and superimposed.
• Usually, rivers in both these drainage types flow through a highly sloping surface.

Antecedent Drainage or Inconsequent Drainage

• A part of a river slope and the surrounding area gets uplifted, and the river sticks to its original slope, cutting through the uplifted portion like a saw (vertical erosion) and forming deep gorges. This type of drainage is called antecedent drainage.
• Example: Indus, Sutlej, Brahmaputra and other Himalayan rivers that are older than the Himalayas themselves. There are usually called antecedent rivers (rivers older than the existing land itself).

Superimposed or Superinduced Drainage

• When a river flowing over a softer rock stratum reaches the harder basal rocks but continues to follow the initial slope, it seems to have no relation with the harder rock bed. This type of drainage is called superimposed drainage.

Solution: c)