[MISSION 2023] Insights SECURE : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 22 July 2022

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General Studies – 1

Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.

1. The Latin American revolution produced great men of vision. Foremost among them was Simon Bolivar, celebrated as liberator of the great continent. Bolivar had in mind the vision of a republican federation embracing all Units of South America. Analyse. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: History of modern world by Jain & Mathur

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the contributions of Simon Bolivar to Latin American independence.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving brief description of Simon Bolivar – who is known as The Liberator.

Body:

First write about the political philosophy of Simon Bolivar and that penned two political treatises—the Cartagena Manifesto and the Letter from Jamaica.

Next write about his military achievements – encouraging the people of South America to rebel against Spanish colonial rule, leading multiple expeditionary forces against the Spaniards, liberated territories etc.

Conclusion:

Conclude by summarising that his contributions earned him the epithet – The Liberator from the Latin American people.

Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.

2. What is Colonialism? Trace the patterns of colonization in Africa in the late nineteenth century. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: History of modern world by Jain & Mathur

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about colonialism and pattern in which Africa was colonised.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by defining Colonialism.

Body:

First, write about major features of Colonialism.

Next, write about the Colonisation of Africa – late as 1880 only 20 per cent of Africa had come under European rule. With the spread of the Industrial Revolution to other countries of Europe rivalries increased as did the search for colonies. The emerging industrial powers looked for a place in the sun. A continent of over 28 million square km was partitioned and occupied by European powers by a combination of two strategies, treaties and conquest.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing the outcome of Colonisation.

Topic: Social empowerment

3. Discuss the impact the elevation of Droupadi Murmu, as the first tribal women to be the President of India will have on social justice and assimilation of Adivasis. (250 words).

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Live Mint , Indian Express

Why the question:

Former Jharkhand Governor and National Democratic Alliance (NDA) candidate Droupadi Murmu was elected the 15th President of India, the first tribal woman to be elected to the position and the youngest as well.

Key Demand of the question:

To write the impact on social justice and inclusion due to the election of Droupadi Murmu.

Directive word: 

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving context.

Body:

First, write about the historic moment of a tribal women being elected to the highest office in the country.

Next, write impact this can have on the social justice and inclusion of Adivasis. Cite examples to substantiate.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward to achieve inclusivity.

General Studies – 2

Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.

4. Innovation is the cornerstone of sustained economic growth and prosperity. Evaluate the various government measures aimed at promotion of innovation in the country. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India

Why the question:

Karnataka has bagged the top rank in NITI Aayog’s India Innovation Index, 2022, which determines innovation capacities and ecosystems at the sub-national level. The State has held this position, under the Major States category, in all three editions of the Index so far.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the importance of innovation and performance of government schemes aimed at boosting innovation.

Directive word: 

Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence.  You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving a brief about level on innovation in the country by citing a statistic.

Body:

First, highlight the significance of Innovation system; Innovation is important to the advancement of society. Innovation helps solve problems, especially as the world’s problems continue to evolve. New and innovative products/technologies have increased the standard of living and provided people with opportunities to improve their lives. Give examples to justify their significance.

Next, explain the measures taken by the government in this direction. Evaluate their successes and limitations.

Conclusion:

Conclude with way forward on how to overcome the limitations.

General Studies – 3

Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.

5. Examine the various issues in the implementation of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) which hinders achievement of its stated objectives. How can these be rectified to make bankruptcy resolution transparent and seamless? (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India

Why the question:

Recent Supreme Court judgment on IBC may weaken insolvency regime. The likely outcome of the latest ruling would be more litigation and delay at the admission stage, enhancing the risks of value destruction in the underlying distressed business

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the various issues in IBC and steps needed to resolve it.

Directive word: 

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by writing about Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) its aims and objectives.

Body:

First, list down the various features and achievements of IBC since its introduction.

Next, write about the various limitations in the performance of IBC.

Next, write about the reform that is needed to ensure that IBC performance leads to strengthening of its supporting role in capital formation and economic growth of the country.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.

6. The need to take actions to sustain soil and its immediate environment becomes pressing and challenging task in today’s environment as food crises increase across the world. Comment. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Live Mint , Insights on India

Why the question:

Soil is in such a dangerous situation right now that in another 50-60 years, United Nations agencies say that there will be no agricultural soil left to grow anything, because the organic content of soil is in deep decline.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about concerns associated with soil health and steps needed to overcome it.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving context regarding status of soil health.

Body:

First, write about the concerns associated with soil health – soil contamination, pollution and degradation, loss of biodiversity etc. Write about the impact of the same.

Next, write about the steps that are needed to preserve soil health in the country.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

General Studies – 4

Topic: Case Study

7. You are a no-nonsense, honest officer. You have been transferred to a remote district to head a department that is notorious for its inefficiency and callousness. You find that the main cause of the poor state of affairs is the indiscipline of a section of employees. They do not work themselves and also disrupt the workings of others. You first warned the troublemakers to mend their ways or else face disciplinary action. When the warning had little effect, you issued a show cause notice to the ringleaders. As a retaliatory measure, these troublemakers instigated a woman employee amongst them to file a complaint of sexual harassment against you with the Women’s Commission. The Commission promptly seeks your explanation. The matter is also publicized in the media to embarrass you further. Some of the options to handle this situation could be as follows: (i) Give your explanation to the Commission and go soft on the disciplinary action. (ii) Ignore the commission and proceed firmly with the disciplinary action. (iii) Brief your higher-ups, seek directions from them and act accordingly. Suggest any other possible option(s). Evaluate all of them and suggest the best course of action, giving your reasons for it. (250 words) (UPSC 2014)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

In brief, mention the facts of the case

Body:

Give the major ethical issues involved along with the stakeholders. Evaluate its pros and cons of the options mentioned above.

Next, write the approach you will take.

Conclusion:

Stress on the importance of emotional intelligence and courage in such cases.

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