[MISSION 2023] Insights SECURE : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 15 July 2022

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General Studies – 1

Topic: Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.

1. In 1975, the national emergency provisions were used for political reasons and this presented a grave challenge for Indian democracy as well as key lessons for it. Elaborate. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: India since Independence by Bipan Chandra.

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the nature of emergency in 1975 and challenges it posed and lessons learnt from it.

Directive word: 

Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Narrate briefly the historical background and situation of emergency imposed in 1975.

Body:

Body:

In first part, write about the challenges posed by internal emergency which was proclaimed by then congress government including suspension of fundamental rights is considered one of the most traumatic periods for the fledgling democracy.

Next, write about the key lessons learnt and changes introduced due it – This time period is also seen as the coming of the age of the Indian democracy. But, later the Indian parliament passed amendments to the constitution, the 44th amendment, to ensure that the future governments will not find it easy to impose another emergency in the country.

Conclusion:

Conclude by summarising.

Topic: Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.

2. An unprecedented balance of payments crisis emerged in early 1991 which led to the Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation of the Indian economy. Examine its impact. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: India since Independence by Bipan Chandra.

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the causes of LPG reforms and its impact.

Directive word:

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving context of BOP crisis of 1991.

Body:

First, write about the various factors that led to crisis of 1991.

Next, explain the Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation of the India economy and what it meant.

Next, write about the impact of LPG reforms of 1991 – write both positives and negatives for the reforms.

Conclusion:

Suggest a way forward on how to do with negatives.

Topic: Social empowerment

3. Unless there is political inclusion of the disabled, the goal of inclusiveness and empowerment will remain elusive. Comment in the light of recently released the draft of the national policy for persons with disabilities. (250 words).

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: The Hindu ,  Insights on India

Why the question:

The Department of Empowerment of Person with Disabilities (DoEPwD) recently released the draft of the national policy for persons with disabilities.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the barriers faced by people with disabilities and measures needed to overcome them.

Directive word: 

Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by writing about the aims and objectives of national policy for persons with disabilities.

Body:

First, mention the steps taken to achieve inclusivity for PwDs such as Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 etc.

Next, write about various shortcomings of the above steps.

Next, write about additional measures that are needed in this regard.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward to achieve inclusivity.

General Studies – 2

Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.

4. Evaluate the performance of Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana in protecting the interests of farmers and ensure early settlement of crop assurance claim. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India

Why the question:

Andhra Pradesh has rejoined the crop insurance scheme Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana after having opted out in 2019-20.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the performance of PMFBY, its successes and shortcomings.

Directive word: 

Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence.  You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving a brief about aims and objectives of Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana.

Body:

First, write about the achievements of PMFBY in achieving insurance penetration, safeguarding the interests of the farmers.

Next, give the limitations of PMFBY and various issues which has resulted in some states opting out of it.

Conclusion:

Conclude with way forward on how to overcome the limitations.

General Studies – 3

Topic: Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.

5. The world has made considerable progress in financial inclusion and access to financial services have grown significantly. However, there are challenges in bridging the remaining gap mainly on account of last mile connectivity. There is a growing realisation that digital technology can play an effective role in plugging the remaining gaps. Analyse. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Live Mint

Why the question:

he latest edition of the Global Findex database, compiled from a survey of more than 125,000 adults in 123 economies, covering use of financial services throughout 2021. The survey found that 71% of adults in developing economies now have a formal financial account compared to 42% in the first edition a decade ago.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the role digital technology can play in financial inclusion.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving the current status of financial inclusion.

Body:

First, write about the various measures in the recent past taken to promote financial inclusion in the recent past.

Next, write about the shortcomings in the measures taken to promote financial inclusion.

Next, suggest measures as to how digital technology can play part overcome the above.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

General Studies – 3

Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.

6. What are Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZ)? What role do they play in conservation of biodiversity? Examine the various threats faced by ESZs. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India

Why the question:

The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) had issued a draft notification on July 6, which demarcated large parts of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Maharashtra and as eco-sensitive areas.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about role of ESZ in conservation of endangered species and threats to ESZ.

Directive word: 

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by mentioning the aims of ESZs.

Body:

First, write about the role of ESZ in conservation of endangered species – minimise the impact of urbanisation and other developmental activities, Shock Absorber’ for the protected area, transition zone, minimise forest depletion and reduce man-animal conflict. Cite examples to substantiate.

Next, write about the various threats to ESZ – Developmental activities and construction, Introduction of exotic species: Exotic species, Climate change etc.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward to protect ESZs from the above threats.

General Studies – 4

Topic: Case Study

7. It is a State where prohibition is in force. You are recently appointed as the Superintendent of Police of a district notorious for illicit distillation of liquor. The illicit liquor leads to many death, reported and unreported, and causes a major problem for the district authorities.

The approach till now had been to view it as a law and order problem and tackle it accordingly. Raids, arrest, police cases, and criminal trials – all these had only limited impact. The problem remains as serious as ever.

Your inspections show that the parts of the district where the distillation flourishes are economically, industrially and educationally backward. Agriculture is badly affected by poor irrigation facilities. Frequent clashes among communities gave boost to illicit distillation. No major initiatives had taken place in the past either from the government’s side or from social organizations to improve the lot of the people.

Which new approach will you adopt to bring the problem under control?  (250 words) (UPSC 2018)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

In brief, mention the facts of the case

Body:

Give the major ethical issues involved along with the stakeholders.

Write the new approach you will take. Evaluate its pros and cons.

Conclusion:

Stress on the importance of emotional intelligence in such cases.

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