[Mission 2023] INSIGHTS STATIC QUIZ, 15 July 2022 – History

Solution: b)

India and China have not resolved their boundary issues thus far. It also reaffirmed India’s rejection of the China-Pakistan 1963 agreement in which Pakistan handed over the Shaksgam Valley of Aksai Chin to China. India that claims all of Jammu and Kashmir, which includes Aksai Chin, has maintained that the agreement is “illegal and invalid”.

India and Bhutan are China’s only land neighbours that don’t have a resolved boundary.

Solution: c)

There have been precedents when India and Pakistan have allowed a third-party to help resolve their issues.

Both nations were able to reach agreements through third party mediators in case of the Indus Waters Treaty and the negotiations on the Rann of Kutch dispute.

Rann of Kutch Accord (mediated by British Prime Minister Harold Wilson) persuaded the combatants to end hostilities and establish a tribunal to resolve the dispute.

During the 1965 Indo-Pakistan war, the then USSR led mediation efforts paved the way for India and Pakistan to withdraw forces from each other’s territories while agreeing to discuss all future matters. This was followed by signing of the Tashkent Declaration in Uzbekistan.

The Shimla Agreement, was signed between India and Pakistan on 2 July 1972 in Shimla. It followed from the Bangladesh Liberation war in 1971 that led to the independence of Bangladesh, which was earlier known as East Pakistan and was part of the territory of Pakistan.

The Tashkent Declaration was a peace agreement between India and Pakistan signed on 10 January 1966 that resolved the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.

Solution: a)

The Indo–Soviet Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation was a treaty signed between India and the Soviet Union in August 1971 that specified mutual strategic cooperation. That was a significant deviation from India’s previous position of non-alignment during the Cold War and was a factor in the 1971 Indo-Pakistani war.

The treaty was caused by increasing Pakistani ties with China and the United States and played an important role in the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War.

Solution: c)

Operation Blue Star was the code name of an Indian military action which was carried out between 1 and 10 June, 1984, in order to capture the Sikh leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and his followers hidden inside the buildings of Harmandir Sahib (Golden Temple) complex in Amritsar, Punjab.

Operation Black Thunder is the name given to two operations that took place in India in the late 1980s to flush out remaining Kharku Sikh militants from the Golden Temple using ‘Black Cat’ commandos of the National Security Guards Like Operation Blue Star, these attacks were on Kharku Sikhs who were based in the Golden Temple in Amritsar, Punjab.

Operation Polo: Indian armed forces ended the rule of the Nizam of Hyderabad and led to the incorporation of the princely state of Hyderabad into the Indian Union

Solution: d)

Third World countries were labelled during the Cold War to reference those nations that were not aligned with either the United States or the Soviet Union.

Since the fall of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, the term Third World has decreased in use. It is being replaced with terms such as developing countries, least developed countries or the Global South.