[Mission 2023] Insta– QUED ( Questions from Editorials ) 22 June 2022

Solution: b)

The word ‘Lok Adalat’ means ‘People’s Court’. This system is based on Gandhian principles. It is one of the components of ADR (Alternative Dispute Resolution) system.

The Lok Adalat is a forum where the cases (or disputes) which are pending in a court or which are at pre-litigation stage (not yet brought before a court) are compromised or settled in an amicable manner.

The first Lok Adalat camp in the post-independence era was organised in Gujarat in 1982.

The institution of Lok Adalat has been given statutory status under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987.

A Lok Adalat shall have jurisdiction to determine and to arrive at a compromise or settlement between the parties to a dispute in respect of:

• any case pending before any court; or
• any matter which is falling within the jurisdiction of any court and is not brought before such court.

Solution: c)

The various matters such as Matri-monial/Family Disputes, Criminal (Compoundable Offences) cases, Land Acquisition cases, Labour disputes, Workmen’s compensation cases, Bank Recovery cases, Pension cases etc.

Solution: c)

Treaty on Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW):

• This treaty was officially adopted in 2017 due to efforts by the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN).
• The US, Russia, China, Britain, France, India, Pakistan, North Korea and Israel (countries possessing nuclear weapons) and NATO alliance did not support it.
• India believes that the treaty does not constitute or contribute to the development of customary international law, nor does it set any new standards or norms.
• The entry into force of the TPNW means that the treaty’s provisions will be legally binding for the states that have ratified or acceded to it.

• TPNW prohibitsStates Parties to:

1. Develop, test, produce, manufacture, otherwise acquire, possess or stockpile nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices.
2. Transfer to any recipient whatsoever nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices or control over such weapons or explosive devices directly or indirectly.
3. Receive the transfer of or control over nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices directly or indirectly.
4. Use or threaten to use nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices
5. Assist, encourage or induce, anyone to engage in any activity prohibited to a State Party under this Treaty.
6. Allow any stationing, installation or deployment of any nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices in its territory.

The International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN) is a coalition of non-governmental organizations in one hundred countries promoting adherence to and implementation of the United Nations nuclear weapon ban treaty.

Solution: b)

The incremental capital-output ratio (ICOR) is the amount of capital required to produce one unit of output. The higher the ICOR, the less efficient we are in the use of capital. 

ICOR is determined by a variety of factors including technology, skill of manpower, managerial competence and also macroeconomic policies. Thus, delays in the completion of projects, lack of complementary investments in related sectors and the non-availability of critical inputs can all lead to a rise in ICOR.

Solution: d)

Forest landscape restoration (FLR) is the ongoing process of regaining ecological functionality and enhancing human well-being across deforested or degraded forest landscapes. FLR is more than just planting trees – it is restoring a whole landscape to meet present and future needs and to offer multiple benefits and land uses over time.

FLR manifests through different processes such as: new tree plantings, managed natural regeneration, agroforestry, or improved land management to accommodate a mosaic of land uses, including agriculture, protected wildlife reserves, managed plantations, riverside plantings and more.