[Mission 2022] Insta– QUED ( Questions from Editorials ) 13 June 2022

Solution: c)

Messenger (m) RNA Vaccines:

• mRNA vaccines make proteins in order to trigger an immune response.
• mRNA vaccines have several benefits compared to other types of vaccines, including shorter manufacturing times and, because they do not contain a live virus, no risk of causing disease in the person getting vaccinated.
• The vaccines are used to protect against: Covid-19.

Solution: d)

Important Connectivity Projects:

• Kaladan Multimodal Project – links India and Myanmar.
• Asian Trilateral Highway – connecting India and Thailand through Myanmar.
• Bangladesh-Bhutan-India-Nepal (BBIN) Motor Vehicles Agreement – for seamless flow of passenger and cargo traffic.

Solution: b)

Altruistic surrogacy:

wherein only the medical expenses and insurance coverage is provided by the couple to the surrogate mother during pregnancy. No other monetary consideration will be permitted.

Commercial surrogacy:
It includes surrogacy or its related procedures undertaken for a monetary benefit or reward (in cash or kind) exceeding the basic medical expenses and insurance coverage.

Solution: a)

Bad Bank:

• The bad bank is an ARC or an Asset Management Company (AMC) that takes over the bad loans of commercial banks, manages them and finally recovers the money over a period of time.
• The bad bank is not involved in lending and taking deposits, but helps commercial banks clean up their balance sheets and resolve bad loans.
• The takeover of bad loans is normally below the book value of the loan and the bad bank tries to recover as much as possible subsequently.

Non-Performing Assets (NPAs):

• NPA refers to a classification for loans or advances that are in default or are in arrears on scheduled payments of principal or interest.
• In most cases, debt is classified as non-performing, when the loan payments have not been made for a minimum period of 90 days.
• Gross non-performing assets are the sum of all the loans that have been defaulted by the individuals who have acquired loans from the financial institution.
• Net non-performing assets are the amount that is realized after provision amount has been deducted from the gross non-performing assets.

Solution: b)

National Asset Reconstruction Company (NARCL):

• The NARCL has been set up and issued a license by the RBI to conduct business as an Asset Reconstruction Company (ARC).

1. NARCL will acquire stressed assets worth about Rs 2 lakh crore from various commercial banks in different phases.
2. Public Sector Banks (PSBs) will maintain 51% ownership in NARCL.

India Debt Resolution Company Limited (IDRCL):

• It will provide management and resolution of assets and also help in the operational aspects, relating to price discovery and aim at evolving the best possible recovery and the resolution process.
• PSBs and Public Financial Institutes (FIs) will hold a maximum of 49% stake in IDRCL. The remaining 51% stake will be with private-sector lenders.
• The NARCL is majorly owned by public sector banks with 51% ownership but in the case of the IDRCL, 51% shares are in private hands.