[Mission 2022] QUIZ – 2022: INSIGHTS STATIC QUIZ, 11 June 2022 – Polity

Solution: d)

The Constitution, under various provisions, has clearly drawn the line between Legislature and the Judiciary to maintain their independence in their respective functioning. Article 121 and 211 forbid the legislature from discussing the conduct of any judge in the discharge of his duties, while Articles 122 and 212, on the other hand, prevent the courts from sitting in judgment over the internal proceedings of the legislature.

Constitutional morality: An important case which employed this concept in an innovative manner was the Naz Foundation Case which used the concept of constitutional morality to strike down Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code and decriminalize homosexuality.

The Delhi High Court had said that “In our scheme of things, constitutional morality must outweigh the argument of public morality, even if it be the majoritarian view.”

Solution: c)

Article 78:

It shall be the duty of the Prime Minister —

(a) to communicate to the President all decisions of the Council of Ministers relating to the administration of the affairs of the Union and proposals for legislation;

(b) to furnish such information relating to the administration of the affairs of the Union and proposals for legislation as the President may call for; and

(c) if the President so requires, to submit for the consideration of the Council of Ministers any matter on which a decision has been taken by a Minister but which has not been considered by the Council.

Solution: b)

There shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise the President who shall, in the exercise of his functions, act in accordance with such advice: Provided that the President may require the council of Ministers to reconsider such advice, either generally or otherwise, and the President shall act in accordance with the advice tendered after such reconsideration.

The Attorney General for India is the Indian government’s chief legal advisor, and is its principal Advocate before the Supreme Court of India. They must be a person qualified to be appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court.

According to the Article 72 of the Indian Constitution, the number of members in the Council Of Ministers should not exceed the 15 percent of the total number of members in the House of The People or The Parliament.

All executive action of the Government of India shall be expressed to be taken in the name of the President.

Solution: a)

Second Schedule of Indian Constitution:

The provisions in relation to allowances, privileges, emoluments of:

• President of India
• Governors of Indian States
• Speaker of Lok Sabha & Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha
• Chairman of Rajya Sabha & Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha
• Speaker and Deputy Speaker of Legislative Assemblies of Indian States
• Chairman and Deputy Chairman of Legislative Councils of the Indian States
• Supreme Court Judges
• High Court Judges
• Comptroller & Auditor General of India (CAG)

Solution: c)

Regulating Act of 1773 was the first step taken by the British Government to control and regulate the affairs of the East India Company in India.

Features of the Act

1. It designated the Governor of Bengal as the ‘Governor-General of Bengal’ and created an Executive Council of four members to assist him. The first such Governor-General was Lord Warren Hastings.
2. It made the governors of Bombay and Madras presidencies subordinate to the governor general of Bengal, unlike earlier, when the three presidencies were independent of one another.
3. It provided for the establishment of a Supreme Court at Calcutta (1774) comprising one chief justice and three other judges.
4. It prohibited the servants of the Company from engaging in any private trade or accepting presents or bribes from the ‘natives’.
5. It strengthened the control of the British Government over the Company by requiring the Court of Directors (governing body of the Company) to report on its revenue, civil, and military affairs in India.

Charter Act of 1853 introduced, for the first time, local representation in the Indian (Central) Legislative Council.