[Mission 2022] QUIZ – 2022: INSIGHTS STATIC QUIZ, 6 June 2022 – History

Solution: d)

Medicine: From 600 BC began the period of rational sciences. Takshila and Varanasi emerged as centres of medicine and learning. The two important texts in this field are Charak Samhita by Charak and Sushrut Samhita by Sushruta.

Metallurgy: The vedic people were aware of fermenting grain and fruits, tanning leather and the process of dyeing. By the first century AD, mass production of metals like iron, copper, silver, gold and of alloys like brass and bronze were taking place.

Solution: a)

The political fight among these mahajanapadas led ultimately to one of them namely Magadha to emerge as the most powerful state and the centre of a vast empire. The earliest important ruler of Magadha was the king Bimbisara, who ruled for 52 years from 544 BC to 492 BC. It seems that he was either killed or forced to commit suicide by his son Ajatasatru, who was eager to take over the throne himself.

Ajatasatru shifted the capital of Magadha from Girivraj (Rajgir) to Pataliputra (modern Patna, Bihar).

Solution: d)

The Mahalwari tenure was introduced in1822 in major portions of the UP, the North Western province, parts of Central India and Punjab.

The Mahalwari system of land revenue under the scheme of 1833 was completed under the administration of James Thompson. The 66% rental demanded proved very harsh, too. In the Saharanpur Rules of 1855, it was revised to 50% by Lord Dalhousie.

Solution: d)

The Iron Age of the southern peninsula is often related to Megalithic Burials. Megalith means Large Stone. The burial pits were covered with these stones. Such graves are extensively found in South India. Some of the important megalithic sites are Hallur and Maski in Karnataka, Nagarjunakonda in Andhra Pradesh and Adichchanallur in Tamil Nadu. Black and red pottery, iron artefacts such as hoes and sickles and small weapons were found in the burial pits.

Solution: c)

Factories Act of I881 was the first legislation directly affecting industrial labourers in the country. It applied to all manufacturing establishments using power driven machinery, employing 100 or more labours and working for more than 120 days in a year. It ruled that no children below the age of 7 could be employed in a factory and nobody before attaining the age of 12 could be made to work for more than 9 hours a day.

Full time factory inspectors were appointed under the Factory Act, 1911 to see whether the provisions were being enforced.

The Royal Commission on Labour or the Whitley Commission on Labour was set up in 1929 to inquire into the existing conditions of labour in industrial undertakings and plantations in India. The Commission recommended the adoption of suitable legislation enabling the Competent Authority to collect and collate information regarding the living, working and socio-economic conditions of industrial labour.