Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.
1. Though the winds of change in 1960’s brought independence to a lot of African states, but the political turmoil that followed resulted in severe economic exploitation and backwardness. Analyse. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: History of modern world by Jain & Mathur
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1.
Key Demand of the question:
Problems faced by African nations after independence, and the role played by the United Nations in helping resolving their problems.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Introduction:
Introduce the answer by writing about decolonisation of Africa and how it took place.
Body:
The problems faced by independent African nations were not very different. List the common problems, and use examples. Also cite some unique problems that plagued individual African countries (ex: apartheid in South Africa), Civil wars in western Africa, emergence of dictators etc.
Mention the impact of the above on African countries and link it with present day.
Conclusion:
Conclude by highlighting how African countries to this day are being affected by their colonial past.
