[MISSION 2022] INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS (12 May 2022 ) REVISION THROUGH MCQS

Ans: (c)

Explanation: 73rd & 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts:

• The Panchayats and Urban Local Bodies, respectively, are provided with a five-year term of office at every level.
• Fresh elections have to be completed before the expiry of its duration of 5 years.
• It can be dissolved before the completion of its term.
• In case of dissolution,elections have to be conducted before the expiry of a period of six months from the date of its dissolution.
• However, if the remainder of the period for which the dissolved Panchayat would have continued is less than six months,it shall not be necessary to hold any election under this clause for constituting the Panchayat for such period.
• A Panchayat constituted upon the dissolution of a Panchayat before the expiration of its duration shall continue only for the remainder of the period for which the dissolved Panchayat would have continued.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/12/hold-local-body-polls-every-five-years-sc/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• FCRAregulates foreign donations and ensures that such contributions do not adversely affect the internal security of the country.
• The Act, first enacted in 1976 was amended in the year 2010 and then 2020.
• Section 5 of the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010 gives the Union government “unchecked and unbridled powers” to declare an organisation as being one of political nature and deny it access to funds from sources abroad.
• FCRA is implemented by the Ministry of Home Affairs.
• Applicability:
  • The provisions of the Act apply to the territory of India, to citizens of India who may be outside India and to companies or their branches outside India that are registered or incorporated in India.
  • The entities covered by the Act include an individual, a Hindu undivided family, an association, or a registered company.
• For how long is approval granted?
  • Once granted, FCRA registration is valid for five years. NGOs are expected to apply for renewal within six months of the date of expiry of registration. In case of failure to apply for renewal, the registration is deemed to have expired, and the NGO is no longer entitled to receive foreign funds or utilise its existing funds without permission from the ministry.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/12/foreign-contribution-regulation-act-2010-2/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• National Technology Day is observed every year on May 11 as a reminder of the anniversary of the Pokhran-II tests. The day is observed to mark the successful nuclear tests in Pokhran.
• The theme of National Technology Day 2022 is: Integrated Approach in Science and Technology for a Sustainable Future

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/12/national-technology-day-2/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• On the occasion of National Technology day, TDB hosts scientific-technology based webinars and felicitate individuals for excellent works in the field of Science and Technology every year.
• Established in 1996, TDB is a statutory bodythat works under the Department of Science and Technology, GOI.
• It also provides financial assistance for concerns of Indian industries and other agencies for commercialization of indigenized technologies or adoption of imported technologies for wider domestic applications.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/12/national-technology-day-2/

Ans: (b)

Explanation: What is W Boson?

• Discovered in 1983, the W boson is a fundamental particle.
• Together with the Z boson, it is responsible for the weak force.
• The W boson, which is electrically charged,changes the very make-up of particles.
• It switches protons into neutrons, and vice versa, through the weak force, triggering nuclear fusion and letting stars burn.
• In contrast to the photon, which is massless,the W bosons are quite massive, so the weak force they mediate is very short ranged.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/12/w-boson/

Ans: (b)

Explanation: here the directive word is incorrect!!

• Desertification is the degradation of land in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas. It is caused primarily by human activities and climatic variations. Desertification does not refer to the expansion of existing deserts.
• It occurs because dryland ecosystems, which cover over one third of the world‘s land area, are extremely vulnerable to overexploitation and inappropriate land use.
• Established in 1994, the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) is the sole legally binding international agreement linking environment and development to sustainable land management. The Convention addresses specifically the arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas, known as the drylands, where some of the most vulnerable ecosystems and peoples can be found.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/12/drought-in-numbers-2022-report/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• AIM-PRIME (Program for Researchers in Innovation, Market Readiness, and Entrepreneurship) Playbook was launched by NITI Aayog.
• The playbook is aimed at promoting early-stage science-based, deep technology ideas to market through training and guidance over a period of 12 months using a blended learning curriculum.
• Focus Area:Science-based, knowledge-intensive, deep technology entrepreneurship.
• Implementing Agency:Atal Innovation Mission has collaborated with Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF).

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/12/mission-2022-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-12-may-2022/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Statement 1: The Climate and Clean Air Coalition to Reduce Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (CCAC) was launched by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and six countries—Bangladesh, Canada, Ghana, Mexico, Sweden, and the United States—in 2012.
• Statement 2: The Coalition’s initial focus is on methane, black carbon, and HFCs.

Refer: http://www.ccacoalition.org/en/content/about-us

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Statement 1:  The IOD, also known as the Indian Niño, is an irregular oscillation of sea-surface temperatures in which the western Indian Ocean becomes alternately warmer and then colder than the eastern part of the Indian ocean (not tropical eastern pacific ocean.
• Statement 2:   IOD has a much more significant effect on the rainfall patterns in south-east Australia than the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific Ocean as shown in several recent studies.

Refer: http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/iod/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Option A: Gharials inhabit deep freshwater habitats, not both freshwater and saltwater habitats as inhabited by crocodile species. So, A is ruled out. Option A is the home of saltwater crocodile.
• Option B: Gharials can be naturally found in National Chambal Gharial Wildlife Sanctuary.
• The gharial is one of three crocodilians native to India, the other two being the mugger crocodile and the saltwater crocodile.

Refer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gharial