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General Studies – 1
Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Insights on India , Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1.
Key Demand of the question:
Highlight nature of engagement of NAM countries with the superpowers. Evaluate the role played by India, as a member of NAM and learnings from it in the present day.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Introduce NAM, and the background in which it emerged.
Body:
Elaborate on the role played by NAM in easing tensions between the superpowers by citing examples. Note how NAM did not practise isolationism or neutrality.
Proceed to write the role played by India as part of NAM, and key learnings from it and its application Russia-Ukraine war.
Conclusion:
End your answer noting that India continues to embrace NAM, mentioning PM Modi’s attendance at the 2020 summit and him referring to NAM as the “world’s moral voice”.
Topic: Effects of globalization on Indian society.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth
Why the question:
Insecurity in the supply of basic materials, from energy to food, is making countries shun global interdependence and shut doors.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about deglobalisation, its causes and impact on the Indian society.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining deglobalisation.
Body:
First, write about the various factors leading to deglobalisation – pandemic, nationalism, shortages, lack of basic needs etc.
Next write about the various positives and negatives of deglobalisation on the Indian society.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward to address the negatives.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
The question before India, given its diversity and size, is whether there should be a reform of our electoral system to ensure greater legitimacy to the government in power.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the limitation of the FPTP system and suggest alternatives.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving a brief about the existing FPTP system.
Body:
Write about the FPTP system, its merits and demerits. Argue as to why FPTP is considered not truly democratic and inclusive. Back up your arguments with relevant stats and data.
Next, write about the alternatives such as Proportional Representation and German Model etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth
Why the question:
Over 17,000 cases of measles have been reported largely from Somalia, Yemen, Nigeria, Afghanistan and Ethiopia in January and February of 2022, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).
Key Demand of the question:
To give an account on important features that a resilient health system must constitute.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by mentioning the devastating impact of the pandemic on the healthcare system on India and efforts to fight it.
Body:
First, begin by describing various lacunas in present healthcare system in India and the various efforts to fight covid-19.
Next, stress on the need to focus on other health threats as well – robust Primary Healthcare system and mention about need for an inclusive approach towards beneficiaries of the healthcare system, universal vaccination, increased public funding and the need for a greater healthcare workforce catering to the population demand of the nation.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning that there is a pressing need to focus on healthcare system in order to build back better and achieve SDG-3.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Financial Express , Indian Express
Why the question:
Interest rates in the banking system are set to go up after the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on Wednesday (May 4) jacked up the Repo rate, the main policy rate, by 40 basis points to 4.40 per cent and the cash reserve ratio (CRR) by 50 basis points to 4.50 per cent to suck out liquidity and bring down the elevated inflation.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about Repo rates, macroeconomic impact of its hike and opinion regarding the recent hike.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining Repo rate.
Body:
First, write in detail about the various macroeconomic impact of raising Repo rates – inflation, lending rate, saving and Forex etc.
Next, write about rationale behind raising of Repo rate in the current global economic scenarios. Examine as to how it seeks to address the various issues and also mention any potential shortcomings.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a balanced opinion regarding the hike in Repo rate by RBI.
Topic: Major crops-cropping patterns in various parts of the country, – different types of irrigation and irrigation systems storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the importance of pulses in nutritional security and agriculture.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning the rapid growth witnessed in the production of pulses in India in the recent years.
Body:
First, write about the nutritional benefits of pulses for a country like India.
Next, write about how cultivation of pulses leads to sustainable agriculture systems – improved resilience to climate change, adaptability to new niches (early maturity and heat tolerance), efficient seed production etc.
Next, suggest measures that are further needed to achieve self-sufficiency.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Abstract Thursdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
trace the link between non-partisanship in public administration and equality amongst citizens.
Directive:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by highlighting the importance of neutrality and non-partisanship in public administration.
Body:
Begin by talking about values which are important to the level of justice and continuity in public administration with suitable examples.
Mention about how public servants must be accountable to the government for the effective delivery of its programs.
Then finally talk about responsiveness of the administration to the government of the day within the law and the how constitution is key to the effective implementation of government policies in an equitable manner.
Conclusion:
Complete the answer by suggesting ways for neutrality in public administration in an increasingly polarizing world.
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