GS Paper 2
Topics Covered: Indian Constitution- historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.
Context:
Khadi Sanghas activists have written to PM and HM on the move to allow non-khadi material for the national flag.
The amendments:
As per rule 1. 2 of part 1 of the Flag code of India 2002, only khadi or hand-spun cloth was the material for the flag. Use of other material was punishable.
- But the recent amendment has changed it to “The National Flag shall be made of hand spun and hand woven or machine made, cotton, polyester, wool, silk khadi bunting.”
- That means machine made polyester that is made in India or imported from elsewhere can now be used for the tricolour.
So far, the hand spun, hand woven khadi flag was made in the country’s sole BIS-approved flag manufacturing unit in Hubballi, Karnataka.
- They now contend that the move will only dilute the definition of khadi but also undermine the spirit of freedom struggle.
Previous amendments to the Flag Code:
- The code has been amended earlier too. The original flag code of India 1947 was amended in 2002 after a Supreme Court judgment.
- This expanded the definition of places where the flag could be displayed or hoisted. However, part one of the code that deals with the description of the flag had remained untouched.
Evolution of National flag:
- Present flag is based on the Swaraj flag, a flag of the Indian National Congress designed by Pingali Venkayya.
- After undergoing several changes, the Tricolour was adopted as our national flag at a Congress Committee meeting in Karachi in 1931.
Constitutional & Statutory Provisions regarding National Flag of India:
Art 51A(a) – To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
Statutes Governing Use of Flag:
- Emblems and Names (Prevention of Improper Use) Act, 1950.
- Prevention of Insults to National Honor Act, 1971.
Rules governing the display of the Tricolour:
The Flag Code of 2002 is divided into three parts:
1-a general description of the tricolour
2-rules for display of the flag by governments and government bodies.
3-rules on display of the flag by public and private bodies and educational institutions.
Notable facts:
- The National Flag of India shall be made of hand spun and hand woven wool/cotton/silk khadi bunting.
- The National Flag shall be rectangular in shape. The ratio of the length to the height (width) of the Flag shall be 3:2.
- The Flag shall not be flown at half-mast except on occasions on which the Flag is flown at half-mast on public buildings in accordance with the instructions issued by the Government.
- The Flag shall not be used as a drapery in any form whatsoever, including private funerals except in State funerals or armed forces or other paramilitary forces funerals”.
- The Flag shall not be used as a portion of costume or uniform of any description nor shall it be embroidered or printed upon cushions, handkerchiefs, napkins or any dress material.
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan narrated significance of National flag as:
- The “Ashoka Chakra” is the wheel of the law of dharma. Chakra intend to show that there is LIFE IN MOVEMENT and death in stagnation.
- The saffron color denotes renunciation of disinterestedness.
- The white in the center is light, the path of truth to guide our conduct.
- The green shows our relation to the soil, our relation to the plant life here, on which all other life depends.
Insta Curious:
Do you know about Flag Satyagraha, the Jhanda Satyagraha? It was held in Jabalpur and Nagpur in 1923. Reference:
InstaLinks:
Prelims Link:
- When was the flag designed by Venkayya officially accepted by the Indian National Congress?
- Adoption of National Flag by the Constituent Assembly.
- Flag Code of India- overview.
- Manufacturer of the national flag in India.
- About Flag Protests in India.
Mains Link:
Discuss the key provisions of Flag Code of India, 2002.
Sources: Indian Express.
