DAY – 38 (InstaTest-38): Insta 75 Days Revision Plan-2022: Topic – ART & CULTURE, Subject-wise Tests 2,17, 28(Revision ) , Text Book Based Test 21, 22, 11(Revision) , February& March 2022 CA Revision

Solution: B

To understand the Vedas better, it is necessary to study the Vedangas or the branches/limbs of the Veda. They are like a supplement to the original Veda

and concentrate on topics like siksha (education), nirukta (etymology or the origin of words), Chhanda (metrics in Sanskrit grammer), jyotisha (astronomy) and vyakarana (grammar)

Solution: C

Vesara style of architecture combined the features of both Nagara style and Dravidian style of Architecture. Dravidian style of architecture is distinct in nature.

Well, high boundary walls, gopuram and single vimana are the characteristics of Dravidian style architecture.

Solution: B

Phulkari is embroidery of flower motifs with contrast of bright colours on light colored fabric. (Punjab)

Zardozi uses combination of gold, silver or copper wire with silver or golden polish and silk threads. (Uttar Pradesh)

Banni by the Lohana community. Use of silk floss for embroidery of geometrical motifs including use of glass works (Gujarat).

Solution: B

Himachali Kala Zeera, Jeeraphool from Chhattisgarh and Kandhamal Haldi from Odisha are among the 14 products that have received Geographical Indication (GI) tag from the government so far this year.

According to the data with the department for promotion of industry and internal trade (DPIIT), the other products which received this tag include Coorg Arabica coffee from Karnataka, Wayanad Robusta coffee from Kerala, Araku Valley Arabica from Andhra Pradesh, Sirisi Supari from Karnataka and Himachali Chulli oil.

Solution: A

It is a 57-foot high monolithic statue located on Vindyagiri Hill at Shravanbelagola in Karnataka.

Depicting the prolonged meditation of Jaina God Bahubali, it was built in around 983 A.D. and is one of the largest free standing statues in the world.  The construction of the statue was commissioned by the Ganga dynasty.

Solution:   D

The five great events in Buddha’s life are represented by symbols as under:

1. Birth by Lotus and Bull
2. Great Renunciation by Horse
3. Nirvana by Bodhi Tree
4. First Sermon by Dharmachakra or Wheel

Parinirvana or death by the Stupa.

Solution: D

All books are related to mathematics.

The earliest book on mathematics was Sulvasutra written by Baudhayana in the 6th century BC. There is a mention of ‘Pi’ and even some concepts very similar to Pythagoras theorem in the Sulvasutra.

Lilavati is Indian mathematician Bhāskara II’s treatise on mathematics, written in 1150. It is the first volume of his main work, the Siddhānta Shiromani, alongside the Bijaganita, the Grahaganita and the Golādhyāya.

The binary number system was first described by the Vedic scholar Pingala, in his book Chandahsastra

Solution: D

The Mauryan king Ashoka was the first person to issue inscriptions. Most of his inscriptions are in Prakrit language written in the Brahmi script though, some in the northwest, were written in Kharosthi.

The Aramaic and Greek scripts were used for inscriptions in Afghanistan so that the local people could understand their subject matter. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.

The Brahmi script was first deciphered in 1837 by James Princep who was a civil servant during the British rule. Brahmi was written from left to right like Hindi while Kharosthi from right to left. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect

Solution: A

Under Harshavardhana’s rule, some important administrative posts were now hereditary. This means that sons succeeded fathers to these posts. For example, the poet Harishena was a maha-danda-nayaka, or chief judicial officer, like his father. Hence, pair 1 is correctly matched.

Sometimes, one person held many offices. For instance, besides being a maha-danda-nayaka, Harishena was a kumar-amatya, meaning an important minister, and a sandhi-vigrahika, meaning a minister of war and peace. Hence, pair 2 is incorrectly matched.

Besides, important men probably had a say in local administration. These included the nagarashreshthi or chief banker or merchant of the city, the sarthavaha or leader of the merchant caravans, the prathama-kulika or the chief craftsman, and the head of the kayasthas or scribes. Hence, pair 3 is incorrectly matched.

Solution: C

Rasiya Geet, Uttar Pradesh

The rich tradition of singing Rasiya Geet flourished in Braj which is the sacred land of Lord Krishna’s charming leelas from time immemorial. This is not confined to any particular festival, but is closely woven into the very fabric of daily life and day to day chores of its people. ‘Rasiya’ word is derived from the word rasa (emotion) because rasiya means that which is filled with rasa or emotion. It reflects the personality of the singer as well as the nature of the song.

Pankhida, Rajasthan

Sung by the peasants of Rajasthan while doing work in the fields, the peasants sing and speak while playing algoza and manjira. The literal meaning of the word ‘Pankhida’ is lover.

Lotia, Rajasthan ‘Lotia’ is sung in the chaitra month during the festival – ‘Lotia’. Women bring lotas (a vessel to fill water) and kalash (a vessel considered to be auspicious to fill water during worship) filled with water from ponds and wells. They decorate them with flowers and come home.

Pandavani,Chhattisgarh
In Pandavani, tales from Mahabharata are sung as a ballad and one or two episodes are chosen for the night’s performance. The main singer continuously sits throughout the performance and with powerful singing and symbolic gestures he assumes all the characters of the episode one after another.

Shakunakhar – Mangalgeet, Kumaon

Numberless songs are sung on auspicious occasions in the foothills of Himalaya. Shakunakhar are sung during religious ceremonies of baby-shower, child-birth, Chhati (a ritual done on the sixth day from the birth of a child) Ganesh pooja etc. These songs are sung by only ladies, without any instrument.

Barhamasa, Kumaon

This regional music from Kumaon is describing the twelve months of an year, each with its specific qualities. In one of the songs the Ghughuti bird symbolizes the onset of chait month. A girl in her in laws place asks this bird not to speak because she is disturbed with the memories of her mother (Ija) and she is feeling sad.

Mando, Goa

Goan regional music is a treasury of the traditional music of the Indian subcontinent. Mando, the finest creation of Goan song is a slow verse and refrain composition dealing with love, tragedy and both social injustice and political resistance during Portuguese presence in Goa.

Solution: d)

Justification: The tradition of Indian miniature painting can be traced from the 9th-10th century in the Buddhist Pala period palm leaf manuscript of eastern India and in the western India in the Jaina palm leaf manuscript.

With the introduction of paper in 12th century in India, illustrations on paper manuscript of larger format than the narrow palm leaf, began to come into vogue. But apart from such manuscripts still there were no schools of Miniature Paintings in India.

There came into existence in the Lodi period (1451-1526 AD) a Sultanate bourgeois school of manuscript. The Sultanate illustrated manuscript represented the court style. The full flowering of miniature painting began when India came into direct contact with the civilization of Islam.

With Mughal Empire, (1526-1757 AD) the studios were established at the Imperial court and Indian painting began a new phase in its evolution. It was from there that illustrated manuscripts, album miniatures, portraits, celebratory or genre scenes and various other paintings made their way allover India. Indian miniature painting was subjected to a strong initial Persian influence, but it was short lived since the Indian artists soon recovered their own independence and originality.

During the 15th century the Persian style of painting started influencing the Western Indian style of painting as is evident from the Persian facial types and hunting scenes appearing on the border’s of some of the illustrated manuscripts of the Kalpasutra. Introduction of the use of ultra­marine blue and gold colour in the Western Indian manuscripts is also believed to be due to the influence of the Persian painting.

These Persian paintings, which came to India, were in the form of illustrated manuscripts. A number of such manuscripts were copied in India. Some colours used in these types of copies can be seen in the Freer Gallery of Art, Washington and an illustrated manuscript of Bustan of Sadi in the National Museum, New Delhi. The Bustan was executed for Sultan Nadir Shah Khilji of Malwa (1500-1510 A.D.), by one Hajji Mahmud (painter) Shahsuwar (scribe).

Q Source: Painting traditions of India

Solution: b)

Justification:  Important remains of the oldest times are fortifications of the old Rajagriha town, in Bihar and the fortified capital of Sisupalgarh, perhaps the ancient Kalinganagar, near Bhubaneswar.

The Rajagriha fortification wall is made in the roughest possible manner, unhewn stones being piled one on top of the other. This belongs to the 6th-5th century, B.C. However at Sisupalgarh in the 2nd-1st century B.C. stone masons were at work using large blocks of stones to make a very well-made fort entrance that could be closed with huge doors turning on hinges.

We know it for a fact that stone masonry and stone carving were imported in Ashoka’s times from Persia. There is abundant evidence of stone masons marks similar to those at Persepolis. However, wood was still the dominant material and in architectural remains of Ashokan times, the gradual transition from wood to stone is apparent.

At Pataliputra, remains have been found of a great timber wall that once surrounded the imperial capital, a fact clearly mentioned by Megasthanes who states that everything in his day was built of timber in India.

Q Source: http://ccrtindia.gov.in/induscivilization.php

Solution: b)

Justification:  There are six shadow puppet theatre traditions across different regions in India, which are locally known as: Chamadyacha Bahulya in Maharashtra, Tolu Bommalatta in Andhra Pradesh, Togalu Gombeyatta in Karnataka, Tolu Bommalattam in Tamil Nadu, Tolpava Kuthu in Kerala and Ravanchhaya in Orissa.

Though these forms have distinct regional identities, languages and dialects in which they are performed, they share a common worldview, aesthetics and themes.

The narratives are mainly based on the epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata, Puranas, local myths and tales. They communicate significant messages to the rural community besides entertainment. The performance begins with an invocation on a ritually set up stage in a village square or a temple courtyard. Stock characters provide comic relief.

A sense of rhythm and dance is inherent in all the traditions, across regions. The puppets are crafted from either goat or deer skin. They are manipulated from behind the screen, where lighting is provided to cast shadows. Puppet performances are a part of festivals, celebrations of special occasions and rituals, and sometimes staged to ward off evil spirits and to invoke the rain gods in times of drought in rural areas.

• In Andhra Pradesh it is practiced by the Killekyata/Are Kapu community.
• In Karnataka it is practiced by the Killekyata/Dayat community.

Q Source: Heritages of India

Solution: a)

Justification:  Pinal Kolattam: Performing arts: Kolattam is an ancient folk dance performed by women in a group during the harvesting season.

The Tamil traditional dance Pinnal Kolattam is similar in genre to the Kolattam and is also performed by women in a group during the harvesting season.

The prop used in Pinnal Kolattam is a rope instead of sticks as in Kolattam. The women form a large circle and hold one end of the colorful rope while the other is tied to a tall pole. The women dance around the pole weaving in and out of the circle forming intricate and beautiful patterns with the ropes they are holding.

When the lace like pattern is complete and there is not enough rope to dance with, the women reverse the steps and unwind the ropes.

Q Source: Intangible heritages of India

Solution: c)

Justification:  Yoga essentially is a traditional and time honoured Indian holistic system of personal, physical, mental and spiritual wellness focusing on all-round unification of body, mind and soul.

Like other Indian traditions, this system is also handed down from master (Guru) to disciple (Shishya), who after rigorous practice attains mastery in the system and qualifies to become a master himself and teach others.

The presence of Yoga is well documented in Indian textual tradition right from the Rigveda (RV 1/18/7; 1/5/3; 1/30/7 etc.) to Satapatha Brahmana (6/3/2/4 and 13/1/9/10 etc.) to philosophical treatises like the Upanishads (Mundaka (6/28), Katha (2/3/10-11) etc. and the Bhagvadgita (2/48; 2/50 etc.), before sage Patanjali systematized it in his Yogasutras.

The widely practiced Yoga Practices are Yama (five abstentions), Niyama (five observances), Asana (Postures), Pranayama (Suspending Breath), Pratyahara (Abstraction), Dharana (Concentration), Dhyana (Meditation), Samadhi (Fully integrated Consciousness), Bandhas (Lock) & Mudras (Gestures), Shat-karmas (Cleansing practices), Yukta-ahara, (Holistic food), Yukta karma (Right Action) and Mantra japa (Chanting of the Sacred Words) etc. Yogic practices help millions to learn to maintain a balanced way of life.

Q Source: Ch on Culture and Tourism: IYB 2021

Solution: C

Solution:

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Tuesday launched the Initiative for the Resilient Island States (IRIS) for developing infrastructure of small island nations.
• It has been co-created by the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure(CDRI).
• It was launched at Glasgow summit.

Solution:  B

Solution:

• 100 percent Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) allowed under the automatic route in the Electronics Systems Design & Manufacturing sector.
• A typical semiconductor manufacturing facility uses two to four million gallons of ultra-pure water per day. In 2015, Intel, the largest semiconductor company by market capitalization, used nine billion gallons of water. Given the water intensity of these companies, showing good stewardship will be vital to managing water-related business risks.

Semiconductor industry also involves emission of GHGs.

Solution: B

Solution:

• India is the world’s second largest rice producer after China.
• India is the largest exporter of Rice.

Solution : D

Solution: Factual and self explanatory.

Solution: A

Solution:

• First backward classes commission: Kaka Kalelkar.
• Second Backward classes commission: B p MAndal
• Justice Rohini commission: sub categorisation of OBCs
• Ashok Dalwai: Doubling farmer’s income.

Solution: D

Solution : Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO): These are plants, bacteria, fungi and animals whose genes have been altered by manipulation. GM plants (Bt Cotton) have been useful in many ways.  Biopesticide: Bacillus thuringiensis is a naturally occurring soil bacterium that causes disease on insect pests. It is accepted in organic farming and is considered ideal for pest management due to its low cost, ease of application, high virulence and narrow host specificity. Benefits  GMO leads to a number of advantages in the crops which include -there is less lo

Solution : C

Biotech-KISAN is a scientist-farmer partnership scheme.  It was launched in 2017.  It aims for agriculture innovation.  Its objective is to connect science laboratories with the farmers to find out innovative solutions and technologies to be applied at the farm level.  So far 146 Biotech-KISAN Hubs have been established under the scheme. It covers all 15 agroclimatic zones and 110 aspirational districts in the country.  

Solution: C

Solution : In other words, rice fortification is a process of adding micronutrients to regular rice. They  are added keeping in mind dietary requirements.  Various technologies are available for rice fortification, such as coating and dusting. For rice fortification in India, ‘extrusion’ is considered to be the best technology. 

Solution: C

Solution : Village rice is enriched with protein, fibre, and a variety of minerals  Sourced directly from farmers of Thanjavur, Aka. Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu.  

Red Rice  Iron rich „red rice‟ is grown in Brahmaputra valley of Assam, without the use of any chemical fertilizer. The rice variety is referred as „Bao-dhaan’, which is an integral part of the Assamese food

Solution: d

Solution : Peatlands are terrestrial wetland ecosystems in which waterlogged conditions prevent plant material from fully decomposing. Peatlands correspond to 2.84% of the Earth’s terrestrial surface. Peatlands occur in every climatic zone and continent.

Ans: a

Ratio of speeds are 16: 15:11.

Let speed of winner athletic be 16x km/h.

Similarly, second and third position of speed of athletic is 15x and

11x, respectively.

Total distance travelled by winner is 4 km.

Time= (4/16x)h

Distance travelled by second athletic in (4/16x)h

= (4/16x) ´ 15x = 15/4 km

Similarly, distance travelled by third athletic in

(4/16)h = (4/16x) ´ 11x = 11/4 km

\Difference between their distances= [(15/4)-(11/4)]km

=1km = 1000m

Ans: a

Let the speed of B be x m/s.

\Speed of A = 1(2/3)x = (5x/3)m/s

Ratio of speed of rates of A and B= 5x/3 : x  = 5:3

Because 2m are gained in a race of 5 m.

Because 1 m are gained in a race of   5/2  m.

So, 80 m are gained in a race of   (5/2)  x 80= 200 m

Ans: d

Because   M1D1/W1 = M2D2/W2

(5(1/2))/(1/48) = (6´D2)/1/40

D2= [(1/2)´5´48]/(40´6)=1/2

Ans: a

6M + 8B = 10 days                   ………………………………………..(1)

And 26M + 48B = 2 days         …………………………………………(2)

15M + 20B = ?

Here, M1D1 = M2D2

(6M+8B)´10 = (26M+48M)´2

60M+80B = 52M+96B

8M=16B

M= 2B

Now, in Eq(1), put M = 2B

6  2B +8B = 10 days

12B+8B=10days

So, 20 B work finish in 10 days

Then, 15M + 20 B = 15  ´ 2B+20B=30B + 20B=50B

Now, M1D1=M2D2

20 ´10 = 50´  D1

\D2 = (200)/50

D2=4 days

Correct answer : B

passage clarifies that huge quantities of data is at the hands of third parties which could be converted into actionable intelligent thus it could negatively impinge on our RIGHTS, dominantly right to privacy. Thus it can be implied that we need, 1. Regulation that can protect rights 2. Ensure data is not misused So 1 and 2 are correct . 3 can be a far fetched assumption but not an implication since there is no mention of data localization or fiscal incentives in the passage. So B is the answer.