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[MISSION 2022] Insights SECURE 2022 : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 28 April 2022

 

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General Studies – 1


 

Topic: Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc., geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.

1. What is a heatwave? Account for the increasing frequency and unprecedent heatwaves across multiple cities in India. (250 words).

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Indian Expresslive Mint

Why the question:

March was exceptionally hot, and April will end on a similar note. The country has already seen four heatwaves early in the summer of 2022, and no immediate respite is expected either.

Key Demand of the question:

To mention about the criteria for heat wave and to examine the causes of heat wave conditions and measures required to tackle it.

Directive word: 

Account – Weigh up to what extent something is true. Persuade the reader of your argument by citing relevant research but also remember to point out any flaws and counter- arguments as well. Conclude by stating clearly how far you agree with the original proposition.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Start by defining a heat wave.

Body:

In the first part of the body, start by mentioning the criteria for a heat wave: in temperature for plains, coastal areas and hilly areas. The criteria for a severe heat wave.

In the next part, mention the causes behind heat waves in India

Next, Mention ways to mitigate heath wave conditions in the short term and long term: Short term measures such as issuing proper guidelines and warning, green rating of buildings, structural changes in the buildings, improving the lifestyle of people etc.

Long term measures such as combating climate change, increasing vegetation and green cities, implementing the guidelines of UN-Habitat-III etc.

Conclusion:

Stress upon the need to act with utmost urgency given the increasing instances of heat waves.

 

Topic: Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.

2. Governors at times do not discharge their duties impartially and efficiently leading to politicisation of the office of governor. Critically analyse. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Indian Express

Why the question:

The ongoing standoff between the Tamil Nadu government and Governor R N Ravi is not only the result of current grievances but also draws from the ideological position of the ruling DMK.

Key Demand of the question:

To critically write about the role often played by the Governor in the Indian setup.

Directive word: 

Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Give brief introduction of Governor in Indian Polity.

Body:

Highlight first the significance of the post of Governor as enshrined in the Indian constitution.

Discuss the issues related to abuse of post of Governor in federal polity failing to the functions impartially and efficiency.

Explain the misuse of Article 356, Power of Reserving bill, Partisan role in Hung assemblies etc. with examples of recent times.

Conclusion:

Conclude with way forward.

 


General Studies – 2


 

Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.

3. There is an urgent need to prepare a mid- to long-term plan to compensate for the learning loss due to lockdown, with a sufficient focus on overall child development and provide for strategic, innovative and lasting solutions. Analyse. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Indian ExpressThe Hindu

Why the question:

A joint report by UNESCO, UNICEF and the World Bank, ‘The State of the Global Education Crisis: A Path to Recovery’, released in early December 2021 had estimated that in the first 21 months of the pandemic, schools in countries around the world were either partially or fully closed for an average of 224 days.

Key Demand of the question:

To bring out the impact of Covid-19 on school education in India and to find a way forward to prevent long term adverse impact.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start by giving the context regarding the impact of covid-19 on education sector.

Body:

First, elaborate on the disruptions caused and present some statistics and figures that captures the gravity of the situation. Write about the potential negative consequences of the above.

Next, In detail, explain the steps that are needed to prevent it. Relaxing the detention policy is a welcome step but much more is needed. Prioritizing students who are unable to return, negating the negative economic consequences on the families, achieving convergence in various government schemes and special emphasis on the girl child education etc.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

 


General Studies – 3


 

Topic: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.

4. Hydroelectric power projects apart from meeting the energy needs, offers many more benefits as well as it poses various risks. Examine. Suggest steps to maximise benefits while mitigating risks. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: The Hindu

Why the question: 

A meeting of the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Wednesday approved an investment of ₹4,526.12 crore for the 540-megawatt Kwar hydroelectric project on the Chenab in Kishtwar district of Jammu and Kashmir.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about benefits and risks associated with hydroelectric projects and steps needed to mitigate the risks.

Directive word: 

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by defining hydroelectric energy and give the statistic highlighting extent of it being generated in India.

Body:

First, mention the potential of hydroelectric energy – plenty of rivers, favourable geology, presence of technological expertise, past success etc.

Next, write about the various risks that are associated with hydropower projects – political conflicts, social impact, economic viability and ecological concerns must be written in detail. Substantiate them with examples.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward to remedy the above-mentioned limitations.

 

Topic: Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology.

5. The global impact and response to the COVID-19 pandemic, highlights the need for coordinated action across sectors to protect health and prevent disruption to food systems. Examine the need of one health approach in this regard. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question: 

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the need for one health approach.

Directive word: 

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start by defining “One health Approach”.

Body:

One Health is a collaborative, multispectral, and trans disciplinary approach — working at the local, regional, national, and global levels — with the goal of achieving optimal health outcomes recognizing the interconnection between people, animals, plants, and their shared environment.

Next, write about its need – Studies indicate that more than two-thirds of existing and emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, or can be transferred between animals and humans, and vice versa, when the pathogen in question originates in any life form but circumvents the species barrier.

Examine its significance in handling zoonotic diseases.

Conclusion:

Conclude with way forward.

 


General Studies – 4


 

Topic: Attitude: content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and behaviour; moral and political attitudes; social influence and persuasion

6. Ethical leaders can positively influence many others, presenting them with a set of actions that they can adopt for the greater good. Analyse. (150 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Conceptual Tuesdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.

Key Demand of the question:

To understand the various roles and responsibilities of a leader and the importance of ethics leadership in their work domain

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by defining what is leadership along with few traits of a good leader.

Body:

Highlight the need for an ethical leader in the present context of rising scams and blind race against mere monetary gains of businesses. Give few examples highlighting cases of leadership with and without ethics and its impact on the organisation as well as the society.

Conclusion:

Conclude by summarising the above points highlighting the need for ethical leadership

 

Topic: strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance

7. Restoring trust and integrity in public institutions and officials is key to safeguarding democracy and promote better governance.  Discuss. (150 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Abstract Thursdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.

Directive word: 

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving context regarding eroding trust in public institutions and civil servants.

Body:

Write about the impact of lack of trust in public institutions and officials. Write ways in which trust could be restored – transparency, accountability, accessibility and code of ethics etc. Elaborate with examples.

Conclusion:

Conclude by mentioning as to how the above lead to safeguarding democracy and good governance.


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