[MISSION 2022] INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 27 April 2022 ) REVISION THROUGH MCQS

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Section 66A had been dubbed as “draconian” for it allowed the arrest of several innocent persons, igniting a public outcry for its scrapping. This had led to the Supreme Court striking it down as unconstitutional in March, 2015 in Shreya Singhal v. Union of India.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/04/27/draft-of-new-it-act-to-be-out-soon/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• It is an international financial institution that offers investment, advisory, and asset management services to encourage private sector development in developing countries.
• It is a member of the World Bank Group and is headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States.
• It was established in 1956 as the private sector arm of the World Bank Group to advance economic development by investing in strictly for-profit and commercial projects that purport to reduce poverty and promote development.
• The IFC is owned and governed by its member countries, but has its own executive leadership and staff that conduct its normal business operations.
• It is a corporation whose shareholders are member governments that provide paid-in capital and which have the right to vote on its matters.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/04/27/223305/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• BharatNet Project was originally launched in 2011 as the National Optical Fibre Network(NOFN) and renamed as Bharat-Net in 2015.
• It seeks to provide connectivity to 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats (GPs) through optical fibre.
• It is a flagship mission implemented by Bharat Broadband Network Ltd. (BBNL).
• The objective is to facilitate the delivery of e-governance, e-health, e-education, e-banking, Internet and other services to rural India.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/04/27/bharatnet-project-4/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• What is River Ranching?
  • River Ranching is a form of aquaculture in which a population of a fish species (such as salmon) is held in captivity for the first stage of their lives.
  • They are then released, and later harvested as adults when they return from the sea to their freshwater birthplace to spawn.
• About the Programme:
  • River ranching programme was introduced as special activity under the ‘Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) scheme to augment and enhance fish production and productivity by expanding, intensifying, diversifying and utilizing land & water productively.
• Who is the implementing agency?
  • National Fisheries Development Board, Hyderabad is the nodal agency under central component of the PMMSY.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/04/27/river-ranching-programme-2/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Gravitational lensing is an effect of Einstein’s theory of general relativity – simply put, mass bends light.
• Gravitational lensing describes the fact that light is deflected by large masses in the universe, just like a glass lens will bend a light right on Earth.
• The more massive the object, the stronger its gravitational field and hence the greater the bending of light rays – just like using denser materials to make optical lenses results in a greater amount of refraction.
• Gravitational lensing is useful to cosmologists because it is directly sensitive to the amount and distribution of dark matter.
• Lensing can help astronomers work out exactly how much dark matter there is in the Universe as a whole and also how it is distributed.
• Lensing has also been used to help verify the existence of dark matter itself.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/04/27/gravitational-lensing-2/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Launched in October 2022, this is NASA’s first mission to explore the Jupiter Trojan asteroids.
• It is a solar-powered mission.
• It is estimated to be over 12 years long, during the course of which the spacecraft will visit eight asteroids covering a distance of about 6.3 billion km to deepen the understanding of the “young solar system”.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/04/27/nasas-lucy-mission-3/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Green Climate Fund was set up by the 194 countries who are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2010, as part of the Convention’s financial mechanism.
• It aims to deliver equal amounts of funding to mitigation and adaptation, while being guided by the Convention’s principles and provisions.
• When the Paris Agreement was reached in 2015, the Green Climate Fund was given an important role in serving the agreement and supporting the goal of keeping climate change well below 2 degrees Celsius.
• The Fund pays particular attention to the needs of societies that are highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, in particular Least Developed Countries (LDCs), Small Island Developing States (SIDS), and African States.
• The Fund’s investments can be in the form of grants, loans, equity or guarantees.

Refer: https://www.greenclimate.fund/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• What is the plague?
  • The plague is a disease caused by the bacteria Yersinia pestis, which is found in animals, particularly rodents.
  • It can be transmitted to humans through infected animals and fleas.
  • In the Middle Ages (5th-15th century), plague was also known as the ‘Black Death’ as it was responsible for the deaths of millions of people in Europe.
• There are three types of plague:
  • Bubonic plague: This infects a person’s lymphatic system (which is a part of their immune system), causing inflammation in the lymph nodes. If left untreated, the bubonic plague can also convert into either pneumonic of septicemic plague. Its symptoms include fever, chills, weakness and headaches.
  • Pneumonic plague: According to WHO, pneumonic plague is the ‘most virulent form of plague’ and can be fatal within 24 to 72 hours. It occurs when the bacteria infects the lungs. It is the only type of plague that can be transmitted from human to human. Symptoms are chest pain, fever and cough. It is highly contagious and transmissible merely by coughing.
  • Septicemic plague: This is when the bacteria enters the blood stream and multiplies there.
  • If left untreated, pneumonic and bubonic plague can lead to septicemic plague. A person infected by septicemic plague may also notice their skin turning black.

Refer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubonic_plague

Ans: (d)

Explanation: Who was Khudiram Bose? Events he is associated with:

• Born in 1889, Bose is highly regarded in Bengal for his fearless spirit.
• Unlike other leaders like Subhash Chandra Bose, however, Khudiram’s legacy has been largely limited to Bengal.
• In 1905, when Bengal was partitioned, he actively participated in protests against the British.
• At the age of 15, Bose joined the Anushilan Samiti, an early 20th century organisation that propounded revolutionary activities in Bengal.
• The deciding moment of Bose’s life came in 1908 when he along with another revolutionary, Prafulla Chaki were assigned the task of assassinating the district magistrate of Muzaffarpur.

Refer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khudiram_Bose

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S2: Launched in 2008, the Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS) is a voluntary initiative of 26 nations that seeks to increase maritime cooperation among navies of the littoral states of the Indian Ocean Region by providing an open and inclusive forum for discussion of regionally relevant maritime
• S1: The inaugural IONS-2008 was held in New Delhi, India. CNS, Indian Navy was designated the Chairman IONS for the period 2008-10.

Refer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Naval_Symposium