INSTA 75 Days REVISION PLAN 2022
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About Insta 75 days revision plan 2022
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- Question 1 of 30
1. Question
1 pointsConsider the followings statements.
- Isobars that are widely spaced apart indicate strong winds or a high-pressure gradient.
- Atmospheric pressure is caused due to the weight of the overlying atmosphere.
- Coriolis force determines that moving air masses in the northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere veer in exactly the same direction.
Select the correct answer using the codes below.
CorrectSolution : a
Justification: Statement 1: Isobars are imaginary lines that connect points of equal atmospheric pressure on a given day. Pressure gradient force is what determines the strength of winds.
- Isobars that are widely spaced apart indicate gently blowing winds (pressure gradient force is low)
- Isobars that are closely spaced together indicate strong winds (high pressure gradient)
Statement 2: Weight of atmosphere per unit area is termed as pressure.
Statement 3: The Coriolis force, caused by the spin of the Earth, determines that moving air masses in the northern hemisphere veer to the right. It is the opposite in the southern hemisphere. We have covered similar concepts in previous tests.
Q Source: Basics of Physical Geography
IncorrectSolution : a
Justification: Statement 1: Isobars are imaginary lines that connect points of equal atmospheric pressure on a given day. Pressure gradient force is what determines the strength of winds.
- Isobars that are widely spaced apart indicate gently blowing winds (pressure gradient force is low)
- Isobars that are closely spaced together indicate strong winds (high pressure gradient)
Statement 2: Weight of atmosphere per unit area is termed as pressure.
Statement 3: The Coriolis force, caused by the spin of the Earth, determines that moving air masses in the northern hemisphere veer to the right. It is the opposite in the southern hemisphere. We have covered similar concepts in previous tests.
Q Source: Basics of Physical Geography
- Question 2 of 30
2. Question
1 pointsThe characteristic red colour of Laterite soils comes from
CorrectSolution : b
Learning: Laterite soils are formed from chemical decomposition of rocks. These soils mainly contain iron oxide which gives them characteristic pink or red color.
These soils are found in Central, Eastern and South India. These are residual soils formed from basalt and have high specific gravity.
Option A: These soils are mostly composed as calcite depositions, but that is not a reason for their pink or red colour.
Q Source: 9th NCERT: Geography
IncorrectSolution : b
Learning: Laterite soils are formed from chemical decomposition of rocks. These soils mainly contain iron oxide which gives them characteristic pink or red color.
These soils are found in Central, Eastern and South India. These are residual soils formed from basalt and have high specific gravity.
Option A: These soils are mostly composed as calcite depositions, but that is not a reason for their pink or red colour.
Q Source: 9th NCERT: Geography
- Question 3 of 30
3. Question
1 pointsMetamorphism of rocks relates primarily to which of the following?
- Mechanical disruption, erosion and deposition of a parent rock into a new strata
- Transformation of rocks deep down the crust due to tectonic forces
- Chemical alteration and recrystallisation of a rock under high pressure
Select the correct answer using the codes below.
CorrectSolution : b
Justification: Statement 1: This is how sedimentary rocks are formed. There is no significant physical or chemical change in the rock.
Statement 2: Metamorphism occurs when rocks are forced down to lower levels by tectonic processes or when molten magma rising through the crust meets the crustal rocks or the underlying rocks are subjected to great amounts of pressure by overlying rocks.
Statement 3: Metamorphism is a process by which already consolidated rocks undergo recrystallisation and reorganisation of materials within original rocks.
The materials of rocks chemically alter and recrystallise due to thermal metamorphism. There are two types of thermal metamorphism — contact metamorphism and regional metamorphism.
In contact metamorphism the rocks come in contact with hot intruding magma and lava and the rock materials recrystallise under high temperatures. Quite often new materials form out of magma or lava are added to the rocks.
In regional metamorphism, rocks undergo recrystallisation due to deformation caused by tectonic shearing together with high temperature or pressure or both.
Q Source: 11th NCERT: Physical Geography
IncorrectSolution : b
Justification: Statement 1: This is how sedimentary rocks are formed. There is no significant physical or chemical change in the rock.
Statement 2: Metamorphism occurs when rocks are forced down to lower levels by tectonic processes or when molten magma rising through the crust meets the crustal rocks or the underlying rocks are subjected to great amounts of pressure by overlying rocks.
Statement 3: Metamorphism is a process by which already consolidated rocks undergo recrystallisation and reorganisation of materials within original rocks.
The materials of rocks chemically alter and recrystallise due to thermal metamorphism. There are two types of thermal metamorphism — contact metamorphism and regional metamorphism.
In contact metamorphism the rocks come in contact with hot intruding magma and lava and the rock materials recrystallise under high temperatures. Quite often new materials form out of magma or lava are added to the rocks.
In regional metamorphism, rocks undergo recrystallisation due to deformation caused by tectonic shearing together with high temperature or pressure or both.
Q Source: 11th NCERT: Physical Geography
- Question 4 of 30
4. Question
1 pointsA front is an imaginary line separating two contrasting air masses. Fronts are areas where rainfall takes place. Consider the following statements about it.
- When two air masses meet, they do not mix readily due to differences in temperature and density.
- The air mass front regions where warm tropical air meets cold polar air are generally dry.
Which of the above is/are correct?
CorrectSolution : a
Justification: When two air masses meet, they do not mix readily due to differences in temperature and density.
A warm front is found when warm air is advancing and rises over cold air, which is denser and heavier. As the warm air rises it is cooled and condensation takes place.
Continued condensation leads to the growth of water droplets and when heavy enough these fall as rain.
A cold front occurs when heavier cold air is advancing and pushes beneath a body of lighter warm air. The name of the front is specified by the temperature of the moving air.
Statement 2: The UK lies in an area where warm tropical air meets cold polar air. It is an area of high rainfall.
The diagram below shows the clouds and weather conditions associated with warm and cold fronts.
Q Source: 11th NCERT: Physical Geography
IncorrectSolution : a
Justification: When two air masses meet, they do not mix readily due to differences in temperature and density.
A warm front is found when warm air is advancing and rises over cold air, which is denser and heavier. As the warm air rises it is cooled and condensation takes place.
Continued condensation leads to the growth of water droplets and when heavy enough these fall as rain.
A cold front occurs when heavier cold air is advancing and pushes beneath a body of lighter warm air. The name of the front is specified by the temperature of the moving air.
Statement 2: The UK lies in an area where warm tropical air meets cold polar air. It is an area of high rainfall.
The diagram below shows the clouds and weather conditions associated with warm and cold fronts.
Q Source: 11th NCERT: Physical Geography
- Question 5 of 30
5. Question
1 pointsBrahmaputra rivers flows through which of the following states in India?
- Assam
- Arunachal Pradesh
- Mizoram
- Tripura
Select the correct answer using the codes below.
CorrectSolution : a
Justification: With its origin in the Manasarovar Lake region, it flows across southern Tibet into Arunachal Pradesh (India).
It flows southwest through the Assam Valley as Brahmaputra and south through Bangladesh as the Jamuna (not to be mistaken with Yamuna of India).
In the Ganges Delta, it merges with the Padma, the popular name of the river Ganges in Bangladesh, and finally the Meghna and from here it is known as Meghna before emptying into the Bay of Bengal.
Q Source: 11th NCERT: India Physical Geography
IncorrectSolution : a
Justification: With its origin in the Manasarovar Lake region, it flows across southern Tibet into Arunachal Pradesh (India).
It flows southwest through the Assam Valley as Brahmaputra and south through Bangladesh as the Jamuna (not to be mistaken with Yamuna of India).
In the Ganges Delta, it merges with the Padma, the popular name of the river Ganges in Bangladesh, and finally the Meghna and from here it is known as Meghna before emptying into the Bay of Bengal.
Q Source: 11th NCERT: India Physical Geography
- Question 6 of 30
6. Question
1 pointsWith reference to the phenomena of Western disturbances in northern plains, consider the following statements:
- These are low-pressure systems, originate over the Mediterranean Sea and western Asia and move into India, along with the westerly flow.
- They are of immense importance for the cultivation of ‘rabi’ crops. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
CorrectSolution : c
A characteristic feature of the cold weather season over the northern plains is the inflow of cyclonic disturbances from the west and the northwest. These low-pressure systems, originate over the Mediterranean Sea and western Asia and move into India, along with the westerly flow.
They cause the much-needed winter rains over the plains and snowfall in the mountains. Although the total amount of winter rainfall locally known as ‘mahawat’ is small, they are of immense importance for the cultivation of ‘rabi’ crops.
IncorrectSolution : c
A characteristic feature of the cold weather season over the northern plains is the inflow of cyclonic disturbances from the west and the northwest. These low-pressure systems, originate over the Mediterranean Sea and western Asia and move into India, along with the westerly flow.
They cause the much-needed winter rains over the plains and snowfall in the mountains. Although the total amount of winter rainfall locally known as ‘mahawat’ is small, they are of immense importance for the cultivation of ‘rabi’ crops.
- Question 7 of 30
7. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding causes of Break in the Monsoon
- In northern India, if the rain-bearing storms are very frequent along the monsoon trough.
- Over the west coast the dry spells are associated with days when winds blow parallel to the coast.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
CorrectSolution : b
Break in the Monsoon
During the south-west monsoon period after having rains for a few days, if rain fails to occur for one or more weeks, it is known as break in the monsoon. These dry spells are quite common during the rainy season. These breaks in the different regions are due to different reasons:
(i) In northern India rains are likely to fail if the rain-bearing storms are not very frequent along the monsoon trough or the ITCZ over this region.
(ii) Over the west coast the dry spells are associated with days when winds blow parallel to the coast.
IncorrectSolution : b
Break in the Monsoon
During the south-west monsoon period after having rains for a few days, if rain fails to occur for one or more weeks, it is known as break in the monsoon. These dry spells are quite common during the rainy season. These breaks in the different regions are due to different reasons:
(i) In northern India rains are likely to fail if the rain-bearing storms are not very frequent along the monsoon trough or the ITCZ over this region.
(ii) Over the west coast the dry spells are associated with days when winds blow parallel to the coast.
- Question 8 of 30
8. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding retreating southwest monsoon
- It is marked by cloudy skies and rise in temperature.
- The weather in the retreating monsoon is dry in north India but it is associated with rain in the eastern part of the Peninsula.
- The widespread rain in this season is associated with the passage of cyclonic depressions.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
CorrectSolution : b
The retreating southwest monsoon season is marked by clear skies and rise in temperature. The land is still moist. Owing to the conditions of high temperature and humidity, the weather becomes rather oppressive. This is commonly known as the ‘October heat’. In the second half of October, the mercury begins to fall rapidly, particularly in northern India. The weather in the retreating monsoon is dry in north India but it is associated with rain in the eastern part of the Peninsula. Here, October and November are the rainiest months of the year.
The widespread rain in this season is associated with the passage of cyclonic depressions which originate over the Andaman Sea and manage to cross the eastern coast of the southern Peninsula. These tropical cyclones are very destructive.
IncorrectSolution : b
The retreating southwest monsoon season is marked by clear skies and rise in temperature. The land is still moist. Owing to the conditions of high temperature and humidity, the weather becomes rather oppressive. This is commonly known as the ‘October heat’. In the second half of October, the mercury begins to fall rapidly, particularly in northern India. The weather in the retreating monsoon is dry in north India but it is associated with rain in the eastern part of the Peninsula. Here, October and November are the rainiest months of the year.
The widespread rain in this season is associated with the passage of cyclonic depressions which originate over the Andaman Sea and manage to cross the eastern coast of the southern Peninsula. These tropical cyclones are very destructive.
- Question 9 of 30
9. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements:
- Alluvial soil is also known as ‘self-ploughing’ soil.
- Black soil is important for growing of plantation crops.
- Saline soils are found in arid and semi-arid regions, and in waterlogged and swampy areas.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
CorrectSolution : c
The black soils are generally clayey, deep and impermeable. They swell and become sticky when wet and shrink when dried. So, during the dry season, these soil develop wide cracks. Thus, there occurs a kind of self ploughing’. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
Black soil is important for growing of crops like cotton and sugarcane. Laterite soil is more suited to grow plantation crop. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
Saline soils are also known as Usara soils. Saline soils contain a larger proportion of sodium, potassium and magnesium, and thus, they are infertile, and do not support any vegetative growth. They have more salts, largely because of dry climate and poor drainage. They occur in arid and semi-arid regions, and in waterlogged and swampy areas. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
IncorrectSolution : c
The black soils are generally clayey, deep and impermeable. They swell and become sticky when wet and shrink when dried. So, during the dry season, these soil develop wide cracks. Thus, there occurs a kind of self ploughing’. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
Black soil is important for growing of crops like cotton and sugarcane. Laterite soil is more suited to grow plantation crop. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
Saline soils are also known as Usara soils. Saline soils contain a larger proportion of sodium, potassium and magnesium, and thus, they are infertile, and do not support any vegetative growth. They have more salts, largely because of dry climate and poor drainage. They occur in arid and semi-arid regions, and in waterlogged and swampy areas. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
- Question 10 of 30
10. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements:
- The black soil retains the moisture for a very long time.
- The laterite soils develop in areas with high temperature and high rainfall.
- Red soil develops on crystalline igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the eastern and southern part of the Deccan Plateau.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
CorrectSolution : d
The black soils are generally clayey, deep and impermeable. They swell and become sticky when wet and shrink when dried. So, during the dry season, these soil develop wide cracks. Thus, there occurs a kind of ‘self ploughing’. Because of this character of slow absorption and loss of moisture, the black soil retains the moisture for a very long time, which helps the crops, especially, the rain fed ones, to sustain even during the dry season. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
The laterite soils develop in areas with high temperature and high rainfall. These are the result of intense leaching due to tropical rains. With rain, lime and silica are leached away, and soils rich in iron oxide and aluminum compound are left behind. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Red soil develops on crystalline igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the eastern and southern part of the Deccan Plateau. Along the piedmont zone of the Western Ghat, long stretch of area is occupied by red loamy soil. Yellow and red soils are also found in parts of Odisha and Chattisgarh and in the southern parts of the middle Ganga plain. The soil develops a reddish colour due to a wide diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks. It looks yellow when it occurs in a hydrated form. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
IncorrectSolution : d
The black soils are generally clayey, deep and impermeable. They swell and become sticky when wet and shrink when dried. So, during the dry season, these soil develop wide cracks. Thus, there occurs a kind of ‘self ploughing’. Because of this character of slow absorption and loss of moisture, the black soil retains the moisture for a very long time, which helps the crops, especially, the rain fed ones, to sustain even during the dry season. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
The laterite soils develop in areas with high temperature and high rainfall. These are the result of intense leaching due to tropical rains. With rain, lime and silica are leached away, and soils rich in iron oxide and aluminum compound are left behind. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Red soil develops on crystalline igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the eastern and southern part of the Deccan Plateau. Along the piedmont zone of the Western Ghat, long stretch of area is occupied by red loamy soil. Yellow and red soils are also found in parts of Odisha and Chattisgarh and in the southern parts of the middle Ganga plain. The soil develops a reddish colour due to a wide diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks. It looks yellow when it occurs in a hydrated form. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
- Question 11 of 30
11. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements:
- Thickness of the troposphere is greatest at the poles.
- Radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by the ionosphere.
- The mesosphere contains the Ozone layer.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
CorrectSolution : d
The column of atmosphere is divided into five different layers depending upon the temperature condition. They are: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere.
The troposphere is the lowermost layer of the atmosphere. Its average height is 13 km and extends roughly to a height of 8 km near the poles and about 18 km at the equator. Thickness of the troposphere is greatest at the equator because heat is transported to great heights by strong convectional currents. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
The stratosphere is found above the tropopause and extends up to a height of 50 km. One important feature of the stratosphere is that it contains the ozone layer. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
The ionosphere is located between 80 and 400 km above the mesopause. It contains electrically charged particles known as ions, and hence, it is known as ionosphere. Radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by this layer. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
IncorrectSolution : d
The column of atmosphere is divided into five different layers depending upon the temperature condition. They are: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere.
The troposphere is the lowermost layer of the atmosphere. Its average height is 13 km and extends roughly to a height of 8 km near the poles and about 18 km at the equator. Thickness of the troposphere is greatest at the equator because heat is transported to great heights by strong convectional currents. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
The stratosphere is found above the tropopause and extends up to a height of 50 km. One important feature of the stratosphere is that it contains the ozone layer. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
The ionosphere is located between 80 and 400 km above the mesopause. It contains electrically charged particles known as ions, and hence, it is known as ionosphere. Radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by this layer. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
- Question 12 of 30
12. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following factors does/do cause variation in insolation?
- The rotation of earth.
- The angle of inclination of the sun’s rays
- The length of the day
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
CorrectSolution : d
The energy received by the earth is known as incoming solar radiation
which in short is termed as insolation.
The amount and the intensity of insolation vary during a day, in a season and in a year. The factors that cause these variations in insolation are :
(i) The rotation of earth on its axis
(ii) The angle of inclination of the sun’s rays
(iii) The length of the day
(iv) The transparency of the atmosphere
(v) The configuration of land in terms of its aspect
Thus, all the given factors cause variation in the amount of insolation.
Hence, option (d) is correct.
IncorrectSolution : d
The energy received by the earth is known as incoming solar radiation
which in short is termed as insolation.
The amount and the intensity of insolation vary during a day, in a season and in a year. The factors that cause these variations in insolation are :
(i) The rotation of earth on its axis
(ii) The angle of inclination of the sun’s rays
(iii) The length of the day
(iv) The transparency of the atmosphere
(v) The configuration of land in terms of its aspect
Thus, all the given factors cause variation in the amount of insolation.
Hence, option (d) is correct.
- Question 13 of 30
13. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements:
- The pressure gradient is weak where the isobars are close to each other.
- Coriolis force deflects the wind to the left direction in the northern hemisphere.
- The Coriolis force acts parallel to the pressure gradient force.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
CorrectSolution: d
Pressure Gradient Force is caused due difference in the pressure between two regions.
The rate of change of pressure with respect to distance is the pressure gradient. The pressure gradient is strong where the isobars are close to each other and is weak where the isobars are apart. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
The rotation of the earth about its axis affects the direction of the wind. This force is called the Coriolis force. It deflects the wind to the right direction in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
The Coriolis force acts perpendicular to the pressure gradient force. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
IncorrectSolution: d
Pressure Gradient Force is caused due difference in the pressure between two regions.
The rate of change of pressure with respect to distance is the pressure gradient. The pressure gradient is strong where the isobars are close to each other and is weak where the isobars are apart. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
The rotation of the earth about its axis affects the direction of the wind. This force is called the Coriolis force. It deflects the wind to the right direction in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
The Coriolis force acts perpendicular to the pressure gradient force. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
- Question 14 of 30
14. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding ionosphere
- Here, temperature starts decreasing with increasing height.
- It is located immediately above the stratosphere.
- Radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by this layer.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
CorrectSolution: b
The mesosphere lies above the stratosphere, which extends up to a height of 80 km. In this layer, once again, temperature starts decreasing with the increase in altitude and reaches up to minus 100°C at the height of 80 km. The upper limit of mesosphere is known as the mesopause. The ionosphere is located between 80 and 400 km above the mesopause. It contains electrically charged particles known as ions, and hence, it is known as ionosphere. Radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by this layer. Temperature here starts increasing with height.
IncorrectSolution: b
The mesosphere lies above the stratosphere, which extends up to a height of 80 km. In this layer, once again, temperature starts decreasing with the increase in altitude and reaches up to minus 100°C at the height of 80 km. The upper limit of mesosphere is known as the mesopause. The ionosphere is located between 80 and 400 km above the mesopause. It contains electrically charged particles known as ions, and hence, it is known as ionosphere. Radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by this layer. Temperature here starts increasing with height.
- Question 15 of 30
15. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following forces are affecting the velocity and direction of Wind
- The pressure gradient force
- The frictional force
- The Coriolis force
- The gravitational force
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
CorrectSolution: d
Forces Affecting the Velocity and Direction of Wind
The air is set in motion due to the differences in atmospheric pressure. The air in motion is called wind. The wind blows from high pressure to low pressure. The wind at the surface experiences friction. In addition, rotation of the earth also affects the wind movement. The force exerted by the rotation of the earth is known as the Coriolis force. Thus, the horizontal winds near the earth surface respond to the combined effect of three forces – the pressure gradient force, the frictional force and the Coriolis force. In addition, the gravitational force acts downward.
IncorrectSolution: d
Forces Affecting the Velocity and Direction of Wind
The air is set in motion due to the differences in atmospheric pressure. The air in motion is called wind. The wind blows from high pressure to low pressure. The wind at the surface experiences friction. In addition, rotation of the earth also affects the wind movement. The force exerted by the rotation of the earth is known as the Coriolis force. Thus, the horizontal winds near the earth surface respond to the combined effect of three forces – the pressure gradient force, the frictional force and the Coriolis force. In addition, the gravitational force acts downward.
- Question 16 of 30
16. Question
1 pointsIn the context of Black holes, consider the following
- Accretion disks
- Singularity
- Event Horizon
- Goldilocks Zone
Which of the above words are connected to Black holes ?
CorrectSolution : c
IncorrectSolution : c
- Question 17 of 30
17. Question
1 pointsIn the context of “Indigen Project”, which of the following are the benefits to the people of India:
- Understanding the epidemiology of genetic diseases.
- Carrier screening (determining chances of having a child with genetic disorders)
- Pharmacogenetic (study of how genes affect a person’s response to drugs) tests to prevent adverse drug reactions.
- Helps in increasing the life span of humans significantly.
- Understanding genetic diversity.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
CorrectSolution : d
Significance of the ‘Indigen Project’
- Understanding the Indian genome variation: This could benefit the people of India in the following manner: Understanding the epidemiology of genetic diseases to enable cost effective genetic tests.
- Carrier screening (determining chances of having a child with genetic disorders) applications for expectant couples.
- Pharmacogenetic (study of how genes affect a person’s response to drugs) tests to prevent adverse drug reactions.
- Understanding the genetic diversity on a population scale. o Making genetic variant frequencies available for clinical applications.
- Scaling up Indian genome data:The country is very diverse with more than 4500 anthropologically distinct populations. • Understanding genomes: Study of the entire genome sequence will help scientists understand how the genome as a whole works.
IncorrectSolution : d
Significance of the ‘Indigen Project’
- Understanding the Indian genome variation: This could benefit the people of India in the following manner: Understanding the epidemiology of genetic diseases to enable cost effective genetic tests.
- Carrier screening (determining chances of having a child with genetic disorders) applications for expectant couples.
- Pharmacogenetic (study of how genes affect a person’s response to drugs) tests to prevent adverse drug reactions.
- Understanding the genetic diversity on a population scale. o Making genetic variant frequencies available for clinical applications.
- Scaling up Indian genome data:The country is very diverse with more than 4500 anthropologically distinct populations. • Understanding genomes: Study of the entire genome sequence will help scientists understand how the genome as a whole works.
- Question 18 of 30
18. Question
1 pointsGlobal Gender Gap Report is released by which of the following organisations?
CorrectSolution : d
Global Gender Gap Report released by World Economic Forum
- It is the International Organization for Public-Private Cooperation.
- The Forum engages the foremost political, business, cultural and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas.
IncorrectSolution : d
Global Gender Gap Report released by World Economic Forum
- It is the International Organization for Public-Private Cooperation.
- The Forum engages the foremost political, business, cultural and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas.
- Question 19 of 30
19. Question
1 pointsProject ‘Pyrasol’ recently seen in the news, aims to transform the organic waste into biochar is a bilateral project between India and which of the following country.
CorrectSolution : b
As a part of Indo-German Project ‘Pyrasol’, the foundation stone of the Integrated Solar Dryer and Pyrolysis pilot was laid in Chennai. It aims to transform urban organic waste into biochar and energy in smart cities.
The pilot is part of the Indo-German project ‘Pyrasol’ launched to transform urban organic waste into biochar and energy in smart cities. It was awarded to CSIR-CLRI by the Indo-German Science & Technology Centre. The project will ultimately lead to technology development for the joint processing of Fibrous Organic Waste (FOW) and Sewage Sludge (SS) of Indian smart cities into hygienic and highly valuable biochar associated with energy recovery, carbon sequestration and environmental improvement.
Indo-German Science & Technology Centre (IGSTC) was established by the Department of Science & Technology (DST), Govt. of India & Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Govt. of Germany to facilitate Indo-German R&D networking with emphasis on industry participation, applied research and technology development.
IncorrectSolution : b
As a part of Indo-German Project ‘Pyrasol’, the foundation stone of the Integrated Solar Dryer and Pyrolysis pilot was laid in Chennai. It aims to transform urban organic waste into biochar and energy in smart cities.
The pilot is part of the Indo-German project ‘Pyrasol’ launched to transform urban organic waste into biochar and energy in smart cities. It was awarded to CSIR-CLRI by the Indo-German Science & Technology Centre. The project will ultimately lead to technology development for the joint processing of Fibrous Organic Waste (FOW) and Sewage Sludge (SS) of Indian smart cities into hygienic and highly valuable biochar associated with energy recovery, carbon sequestration and environmental improvement.
Indo-German Science & Technology Centre (IGSTC) was established by the Department of Science & Technology (DST), Govt. of India & Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Govt. of Germany to facilitate Indo-German R&D networking with emphasis on industry participation, applied research and technology development.
- Question 20 of 30
20. Question
1 pointsSVAMITVA, a Central Sector Scheme is under which of the following ministry:
CorrectSolution : d
SVAMITVA, a Central Sector Scheme of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj was launched nation-wide by the Hon’ble Prime Minister on National Panchayati Raj Day, 24th April 2021.
Scheme is a reformative step towards establishment of clear ownership of property in rural inhabited (Abadi) areas, by mapping of land parcels using drone technology and providing ‘Record of Rights’ to village household owners with issuance of legal ownership cards (Property cards/Title deeds) to the property owners.
The Scheme is implemented with the collaborative efforts of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, State Revenue Department, State Panchayati Raj Department and Survey of India. The scheme covers multifarious aspects viz. facilitating monetisation of properties and enabling bank loan; reducing property related disputes; comprehensive village level planning, would be the stepping-stone towards achieving Gram Swaraj in true sense and making rural India Atmanirbhar.
The scheme seeks to achieve the following objectives:
- Creation of accurate land records for rural planning and reduce property related disputes.
- To bring financial stability to the citizens in rural India by enabling them to use their property as a financial asset for taking loans and other financial benefits.
- Determination of property tax, which would accrue to the GPs directly in States where it is devolved or else, add to the State exchequer.
IncorrectSolution : d
SVAMITVA, a Central Sector Scheme of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj was launched nation-wide by the Hon’ble Prime Minister on National Panchayati Raj Day, 24th April 2021.
Scheme is a reformative step towards establishment of clear ownership of property in rural inhabited (Abadi) areas, by mapping of land parcels using drone technology and providing ‘Record of Rights’ to village household owners with issuance of legal ownership cards (Property cards/Title deeds) to the property owners.
The Scheme is implemented with the collaborative efforts of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, State Revenue Department, State Panchayati Raj Department and Survey of India. The scheme covers multifarious aspects viz. facilitating monetisation of properties and enabling bank loan; reducing property related disputes; comprehensive village level planning, would be the stepping-stone towards achieving Gram Swaraj in true sense and making rural India Atmanirbhar.
The scheme seeks to achieve the following objectives:
- Creation of accurate land records for rural planning and reduce property related disputes.
- To bring financial stability to the citizens in rural India by enabling them to use their property as a financial asset for taking loans and other financial benefits.
- Determination of property tax, which would accrue to the GPs directly in States where it is devolved or else, add to the State exchequer.
- Question 21 of 30
21. Question
1 pointsConsider the following about PM Kisan Scheme
- PM Kisan is a Central Sector scheme with 100% funding from Government of India.
- Under the scheme an income support of 6,000/- per year in three equal installments will be provided to all land holding farmer families
- It includes all Institutional landholders
CorrectSolution : c
PM-KISAN Scheme
- PM Kisan is a Central Sector scheme with 100% funding from Government of India.
- It has become operational from 1.12.2018.
- Under the scheme an income support of 6,000/- per year in three equal installments will be provided to all land holding farmer families.
- Definition of family for the scheme is husband, wife and minor children.
- State Government and UT administration will identify the farmer families which are eligible for support as per scheme guidelines.
- The fund will be directly transferred to the bank accounts of the beneficiaries.
There are various Exclusion Categories for the scheme
- All Institutional Land holders.
- Farmer families which belong to one or more of the following categories:.
- Former and present holders of constitutional posts
- Former and present Ministers/ State Ministers and former/present Members of LokSabha/ RajyaSabha/ State Legislative Assemblies/ State Legislative Councils,former and present Mayors of Municipal Corporations, former and present Chairpersons of District Panchayats.
- All serving or retired officers and employees of Central/ State Government Ministries /Offices/Departments and its field units Central or State PSEs and Attached offices /Autonomous Institutions under Government as well as regular employees of the Local Bodies (Excluding Multi Tasking Staff /Class IV/Group D employees)
- All superannuated/retired pensioners whose monthly pension is Rs.10,000/-or more (Excluding Multi Tasking Staff / Class IV/Group D employees) of above category
- All Persons who paid Income Tax in last assessment year
- Professionals like Doctors, Engineers, Lawyers, Chartered Accountants, and Architects registered with Professional bodies and carrying out profession by undertaking practices.
IncorrectSolution : c
PM-KISAN Scheme
- PM Kisan is a Central Sector scheme with 100% funding from Government of India.
- It has become operational from 1.12.2018.
- Under the scheme an income support of 6,000/- per year in three equal installments will be provided to all land holding farmer families.
- Definition of family for the scheme is husband, wife and minor children.
- State Government and UT administration will identify the farmer families which are eligible for support as per scheme guidelines.
- The fund will be directly transferred to the bank accounts of the beneficiaries.
There are various Exclusion Categories for the scheme
- All Institutional Land holders.
- Farmer families which belong to one or more of the following categories:.
- Former and present holders of constitutional posts
- Former and present Ministers/ State Ministers and former/present Members of LokSabha/ RajyaSabha/ State Legislative Assemblies/ State Legislative Councils,former and present Mayors of Municipal Corporations, former and present Chairpersons of District Panchayats.
- All serving or retired officers and employees of Central/ State Government Ministries /Offices/Departments and its field units Central or State PSEs and Attached offices /Autonomous Institutions under Government as well as regular employees of the Local Bodies (Excluding Multi Tasking Staff /Class IV/Group D employees)
- All superannuated/retired pensioners whose monthly pension is Rs.10,000/-or more (Excluding Multi Tasking Staff / Class IV/Group D employees) of above category
- All Persons who paid Income Tax in last assessment year
- Professionals like Doctors, Engineers, Lawyers, Chartered Accountants, and Architects registered with Professional bodies and carrying out profession by undertaking practices.
- Question 22 of 30
22. Question
1 pointsConsider the following about FPO
- FPOs can be a company, a cooperative society, Trust or any other form of legal entity which provides for sharing of profits/benefits among the farmers
- NABARD is running Equity Grant Fund (EGF) Scheme, under which it is providing equity equal to the amount of shareholders/farmers equity in the FPO subject to cap of Rs. 10 lacs
Which of the above are correct?
CorrectSolution : a
- It is a Producer Organisation (PO) where the members are farmers. Small Farmers’ Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC) is providing support for the promotion of FPOs.
- SFAC is running Equity Grant Fund (EGF) Scheme, under which it is providing equity equal to the amount of shareholders/farmers equity in the FPO subject to cap of Rs. 10 lacs
- Credit Guarantee Fund (CGF) has been established by NABARD and NCDC( National Co-operative Development Corporation )which will provide suitable credit guarantee cover to accelerate flow of institutional credit to FPOs
IncorrectSolution : a
- It is a Producer Organisation (PO) where the members are farmers. Small Farmers’ Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC) is providing support for the promotion of FPOs.
- SFAC is running Equity Grant Fund (EGF) Scheme, under which it is providing equity equal to the amount of shareholders/farmers equity in the FPO subject to cap of Rs. 10 lacs
- Credit Guarantee Fund (CGF) has been established by NABARD and NCDC( National Co-operative Development Corporation )which will provide suitable credit guarantee cover to accelerate flow of institutional credit to FPOs
- Question 23 of 30
23. Question
1 pointsConsider the following about Hydrocarbon Exploration Licensing Policy(HELP)
- New Exploration Licensing Policy (NELP) replaced HELP
- The HELP was profit sharing model, where profits are shared between Government and the contractor after recovery of cost
- HELP provides for a uniform licensing system that will cover all hydrocarbons such as oil, gas, and coal bed methane
Which of the above are correct?
CorrectSolution : b
The Hydrocarbon Exploration and Licensing Policy (HELP) replacing the erstwhile New Exploration Licensing Policy (NELP) was approved in March 2016.
The main features of HELP are Revenue Sharing Contract, single Licence for exploration and production of conventional as well as unconventional Hydrocarbon resources, marketing & pricing freedom, etc
IncorrectSolution : b
The Hydrocarbon Exploration and Licensing Policy (HELP) replacing the erstwhile New Exploration Licensing Policy (NELP) was approved in March 2016.
The main features of HELP are Revenue Sharing Contract, single Licence for exploration and production of conventional as well as unconventional Hydrocarbon resources, marketing & pricing freedom, etc
- Question 24 of 30
24. Question
1 pointsConsider the following NTCA
- National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) is a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change
- Ensure critical support for Tiger Conservation in India by including scientific, information technology and legal support for better implementation of the tiger conservation plan
- Addressing livelihood interests of local people in areas surrounding Tiger Reserves.
Which of the above are correct?
CorrectSolution : d
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) is a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change constituted under enabling provisions of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, as amended in 2006, for strengthening tiger conservation, as per powers and functions assigned to it under the said Act.
NTCA has been fulfilling its mandate within the ambit of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 for strengthening tiger conservation in the country by retaining an oversight through advisories/normative guidelines, based on appraisal of tiger status, ongoing conservation initiatives and recommendations of specially constituted Committees.
The ‘Project Tiger’ is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) of the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, providing funding support to tiger range States for in-situ conservation of tigers in designated tiger reserves, and has put the endangered tiger on an assured path of recovery by saving it from extinction, as revealed by the recent findings of the All India tiger estimation using the refined methodology.
IncorrectSolution : d
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) is a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change constituted under enabling provisions of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, as amended in 2006, for strengthening tiger conservation, as per powers and functions assigned to it under the said Act.
NTCA has been fulfilling its mandate within the ambit of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 for strengthening tiger conservation in the country by retaining an oversight through advisories/normative guidelines, based on appraisal of tiger status, ongoing conservation initiatives and recommendations of specially constituted Committees.
The ‘Project Tiger’ is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) of the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, providing funding support to tiger range States for in-situ conservation of tigers in designated tiger reserves, and has put the endangered tiger on an assured path of recovery by saving it from extinction, as revealed by the recent findings of the All India tiger estimation using the refined methodology.
- Question 25 of 30
25. Question
1 points‘Angry Bird’ in news recently refers to
CorrectSolution : a
GSAT 7A
It has been launched in 2018 and is also called ‘Angry Bird’.
It is a dedicated satellite for Indian Air Force.GSAT 7 Satellite series:
- They are advanced satellites developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to meet the communication needs of the defence services.
- The GSAT 7 satellite has a footprint of nearly 2,000 nautical miles in the Indian Ocean region.
- The GSAT 7 (Rukmini) is India’s first military satellite. It provides a gamut of services for military communication needs, which includes low bit voice rate to high bit rate data facilities, including multi-band communications.
- The GSAT 7A, launched in 2018, helps in boosting the connectivity between the ground radar stations, airbases and the airborne early warning and control aircraft (AEW&C) of the IAF.
GSAT-7B satellite, which recently got the acceptance of necessity from the Defence Ministry, will be a dedicated satellite for the Indian Army.
IncorrectSolution : a
GSAT 7A
It has been launched in 2018 and is also called ‘Angry Bird’.
It is a dedicated satellite for Indian Air Force.GSAT 7 Satellite series:
- They are advanced satellites developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to meet the communication needs of the defence services.
- The GSAT 7 satellite has a footprint of nearly 2,000 nautical miles in the Indian Ocean region.
- The GSAT 7 (Rukmini) is India’s first military satellite. It provides a gamut of services for military communication needs, which includes low bit voice rate to high bit rate data facilities, including multi-band communications.
- The GSAT 7A, launched in 2018, helps in boosting the connectivity between the ground radar stations, airbases and the airborne early warning and control aircraft (AEW&C) of the IAF.
GSAT-7B satellite, which recently got the acceptance of necessity from the Defence Ministry, will be a dedicated satellite for the Indian Army.
- Question 26 of 30
26. Question
1 pointsThe marked price of the brand A watches is 15% higher than its original price. Due to increase in demand, the price is further increased by 10%. How much profit will be obtained in selling the watches?
CorrectSolution : c
Sol. Given that, a=15% and b=10% According to the formula,
Required profit = (a + b + ab100 )% = (15 +10 + 15 10100 )% = (25+1.5) % =26.5%IncorrectSolution : c
Sol. Given that, a=15% and b=10% According to the formula,
Required profit = (a + b + ab100 )% = (15 +10 + 15 10100 )% = (25+1.5) % =26.5% - Question 27 of 30
27. Question
1 pointsThe expenses on wheat, meat and vegetable of a family are in the ratio 12: 17: 3. The prices of these articles are increased by 20%, 30% and 50%, respectively. The total expenses of the family on these articles are increased by
CorrectSolution : b
Sol. Let expenses on wheat be 12x.Expenses on meat = 17x . Expenses on vegetables = 3x ∴Total expenses = 32x
Increased expenses = Rs.[ ( 120% of 12x) + ( 130% of 17x ) + ( 150% of 3x)]
=Rs. [ (120100 × 12x ) + ( 130100 × 17x ) + ( 150100 × 3x )]
= Rs. [ 72×5 + 221×10 + 9×2 ]
=Rs. ( 144x+221x+45×10 )
= Rs. ( 410×10 )= Rs. 41x
∴ Total increase percentage = (9x32x ×100)% = 2258 % = 28 18 %IncorrectSolution : b
Sol. Let expenses on wheat be 12x.Expenses on meat = 17x . Expenses on vegetables = 3x ∴Total expenses = 32x
Increased expenses = Rs.[ ( 120% of 12x) + ( 130% of 17x ) + ( 150% of 3x)]
=Rs. [ (120100 × 12x ) + ( 130100 × 17x ) + ( 150100 × 3x )]
= Rs. [ 72×5 + 221×10 + 9×2 ]
=Rs. ( 144x+221x+45×10 )
= Rs. ( 410×10 )= Rs. 41x
∴ Total increase percentage = (9x32x ×100)% = 2258 % = 28 18 % - Question 28 of 30
28. Question
1 pointsFresh grapes contain 80% water, while dry grapes contain 10% water. If the weight of dry grapes is 500 kg, then what is its total weight when it is fresh?
CorrectSolution : d
Let the weight of fresh grapes be x.
Quantity of water in it = 80100 × x = 4×5
Quantity of pulp in it = ( x – 4×5 ) = x5
Quantity of water in 500 kg dry grapes = 10100 ×500 = 50 kg
∴Quantity of pulp in it = ( 500 – 50 ) = 450 kgX = 2250 kg
IncorrectSolution : d
Let the weight of fresh grapes be x.
Quantity of water in it = 80100 × x = 4×5
Quantity of pulp in it = ( x – 4×5 ) = x5
Quantity of water in 500 kg dry grapes = 10100 ×500 = 50 kg
∴Quantity of pulp in it = ( 500 – 50 ) = 450 kgX = 2250 kg
- Question 29 of 30
29. Question
1 pointsThe price of rice decreases by 6.25% and because of this reduction, Vandana is able to buy 1 kg more for Rs. 120. Find the reduced rate of rice.
CorrectSolution : a
Let original rate of rice be Rs. X per kg.
Reduced rate = Rs. [ ( 100 – 6.25 ) × 1100 ×x] = Rs. 15×16 per kg
According to the question,– = 1
– = 1
120 × 16 – 1800 = 15x
128 – 120 = x
X = Rs. 8 per kg
∴Reduced rate = Rs. ( 1516 × 8 ) per kg
= Rs. 7.50 per kgIncorrectSolution : a
Let original rate of rice be Rs. X per kg.
Reduced rate = Rs. [ ( 100 – 6.25 ) × 1100 ×x] = Rs. 15×16 per kg
According to the question,– = 1
– = 1
120 × 16 – 1800 = 15x
128 – 120 = x
X = Rs. 8 per kg
∴Reduced rate = Rs. ( 1516 × 8 ) per kg
= Rs. 7.50 per kg - Question 30 of 30
30. Question
1 pointsPassage
In a typical Western liberal context, depending of democracy invariably leads to consolidation of “liberal values.’ In the Indian context, democratization is translated into greater involvement of people not as ‘individuals’ which is a staple to liberal discourse, but as communities or groups. Individuals are getting involved in the public sphere not as ‘atomized’ individuals but as members of primordial communities drawn on religious or caste identity. Community-identity seems to be the governing force. It is not therefore surprising that the so-called peripheral groups continue to maintain their identities with reference to the social groups (caste, religion or sect) to which they belong while getting involved in the political processes despite the fact that their political goals remain more or less identical. By helping to articulate the political voice of the marginalised, democracy in India has led to ‘a loosening of social structures’ and empowered the peripherals to be confident of their ability to improve the socio-economic conditions in which they are placed. This is a significant political process that had led to a silent revolution through a meaningful transfer of power from the upper caste elites to various subaltern groups within the democratic framework of public governance.
According to the passage, what does ‘deepening
CorrectSolution : d
The statements given in options (a), (b) and (c) are not correct according to the passage, hence, option (d) is correct.
IncorrectSolution : d
The statements given in options (a), (b) and (c) are not correct according to the passage, hence, option (d) is correct.
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