Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
5. What causes coral bleaching? Examine the impact of bleaching on wildlife and humans. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question: A wide stretch of the Great Barrier Reef has been hit by a sixth mass bleaching event, the marine park’s authority said Friday, an alarming milestone for the coral wonder that points to the continued threat of climate change and greenhouse gas emissions.
Key Demand of the question: To write about the causes for coral bleaching and its impact on wildlife and humans.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining the phenomenon of Coral bleaching. Give examples.
Body:
First, in detail mention the causes of coral bleaching – Rise in Sea Temperature, Ocean Acidification, ultraviolet radiation, Infectious Diseases, Chemical Pollution and Increased Sedimentation etc.
Next, write about its impact on wildlife – Coral reefs support some of the most biodiverse ecosystems on the planet. Thousands of marine animals depend on coral reefs for survival. Coral reefs provide shelter, spawning grounds, and protection from predators. They also support organisms at the base of ocean food chains. As reef ecosystems collapse, already at-risk species may face extinction.
Next, write about its impact on humans – Coral bleaching impacts peoples’ livelihoods, food security, and safety. Coral reefs are natural barriers that absorb the force of waves and storm surges, keeping coastal communities safe.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward to protect coral reefs around the world.
