[Mission 2022] QUIZ – 2021: Insights Current Affairs Quiz , 21 March 2022

Solution: c)

Early detection of glaucoma, a progressive and degenerative disease of the optic nerve leading to irreversible blindness, is key to arrest damage to eyes. Unlike cataract, this ailment is usually asymptomatic. However, timely treatment can help the patient retain useful vision lifelong.

Glaucoma can affect people of all age groups and even those who do not have any chronic conditions or family history. Even children are diagnosed with congenital glaucoma. In general, glaucoma cannot be cured but it can be controlled. Eye drops, pills, laser procedures and surgical operations are used to manage glaucoma conditions. Trabeculectomy, a type of glaucoma surgery performed on the eye to create a new pathway for fluid inside the eye to be drained, has been the main surgical procedure worldwide for several decades.

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Solution: d)

The so-called “grave breaches” of the conventions that amount to war crimes include willful killing and extensive destruction and appropriation of property not justified by military necessity. Other war crimes include deliberately targeting civilians, using disproportionate force, using human shields and taking hostages.

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Solution: b)

Fortification is the practice of deliberately increasing the content of an essential micronutrient, i.e. vitamins and minerals (including trace elements) in a food, so as to improve the nutritional quality of the food supply and provide a public health benefit with minimal risk to health.

Biofortification is the process by which the nutritional quality of food crops is improved through agronomic practices, conventional plant breeding, or modern biotechnology.

• Biofortification differs from conventional fortification in that bio fortification aims to increase nutrient levels in crops during plant growth rather than through manual means during processing of the crops.

Examples of bio fortification projects include:

• iron-biofortification of rice, beans, sweet potato, cassava and legumes;
• zinc-biofortification of wheat, rice, beans, sweet potato and maize;
• provitamin A carotenoid-biofortification of sweet potato, maize and cassava; and
• amino acid and protein-biofortification of sourghum and cassava.

Solution: d)

Solution: c)

India has plans to introduce eight deep ocean gliders having 6-12 months endurance to travel from 3,000 km to 4,500 km, about 48 deep Argo floats at 6,000-metre depth at 24 locations and another 150 wave drifters to strengthen the capacity of observations in the Indian Ocean as part of its ‘Deep Ocean Mission’.

With the help of the in situ and satellite data of sea temperatures, currents, salinity etc., “we are trying to predict as much accurate as possible the various climatic conditions and the monsoons.

The Government is drafting a policy on ‘Blue Economy’ of which the ‘Deep Ocean Mission’ forms an integral part.

Deep Ocean Mission is the initiative of Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES). 

International Indian Ocean Conference (IIOC) organised by Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS).

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