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General Studies – 1
Topic: Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc., geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The Global Water System Project, which was launched in 2003 as a joint initiative of the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP) and Global Environmental Change (GEC) programme, epitomises global concern about the human-induced transformation of fresh water and its impact on the earth system and society.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the measures needed to overcome water stress in the country.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining and giving the status of water stress in India. Cite a statistic of show the level of water stress in the country,
Body:
First, write about the impact of water stress on the quantitative as well as qualitative aspect of fresh water and how it will impact us.
Next, write about the urgent steps that are needed to make sustainable water practises – planning regulation of groundwater usage, rejuvenation of catchment areas, sustainable agriculture, aquifer recharge, rainwater harvesting and technology to monitor progress, community participation and rejuvenating existing water bodies etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Effects of globalization on Indian society.
Difficulty level: Moderate.
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
A study has shown that startups are expected to fail, startups don’t socialise their losses, and startups will solve real problems for India.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about how start-ups can help solve problems faced by the society.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving context regarding the emergence of start up culture in India.
Body:
Write about how Start-ups can start solving problems faced by the Indian society – poverty, higher productivity regions, Urbanisation, financial inclusion, supply chains, distribution logistics, employability, retail, transport, media, healthcare and agriculture etc. Give examples to substantiate your points.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to promote start-ups as agents of change.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes;
Difficulty level: Moderate.
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
As India becomes increasingly urbanised and families break up into smaller units, homes for the elderly have sprung up. The care of elderly people is managed by a set of professionals or voluntary organisations interested in geriatric services.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the issues of elderly population, welfare measures available and the need to regulate elderly homes.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving the statistic related to elderly population in India currently and the projected growth over next 3 decades.
Body:
Frist, write about the problems faced by the elderly population – Isolation and loneliness, age-related chronic illness, Rise in the Health care costs and Elderly women issues etc.
Next, write about the various measures available for the welfare of elderly and examine their pros and cons.
Next, write need to regulate old age homes for the elderly to make them more streamlined and protect the interests of the elderly.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the qualitative tools used by the RBI.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining qualitative tools and their nature. Mention how they are different from quantitative tools.
Body:
Write about the various qualitative tools of the RBI and explain them in detail – Rationing of Credit, Regulation of Consumer Credit, Change in Marginal Requirement and Moral Suasion etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising how monetary policy is managed by the combination of quantitative as well as qualitative tools.
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the type of monetary policy that India should adopt in the current times.
Directive word:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about the major aims and objectives of monetary policy.
Body:
First, in brief, write in brief about the macroeconomic scenario of the country – impact of covid-19, inflation rates, developmental objectives and geopolitical crisis etc.
Next, write about the need to accelerate growth in the given situations. Substantiate with facts and statistic. Write its merits and demerits.
Next, write about the need to focus on price stability in the given situations. Substantiate with facts and statistic. Write its merits and demerits.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning a balanced opinion regarding the stance that must be taken.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in-human actions; dimensions of ethics.
6. Do you think it is ethical to use falsehood to do something good? Debate. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Abstract Thursdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Directive:
Debate – Weigh up to what extent something is true. Persuade the reader of your argument by citing relevant research but also remember to point out any flaws and counter- arguments as well. Conclude by stating clearly how far you agree with the original proposition.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Define as to what constitutes a falsehood which has good outcome with an example.
Body:
In the first part, examine the nature of white lies and analyse the concept using various ethical theories and thinkers. Give examples to substantiate your arguments.
In the next part, give situations where it would be okay to use white lies and situations where white lies would not be right.
Conclusion:
Pass a balanced judgement that usage of white lies is based on situation but all lies are a form of deception. It would not be okay to justify white lies ethically unless there exist extra-ordinary circumstances.
Topic: Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators;
Difficulty level: Tough
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Abstract Thursdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start with defining Attitude and Behaviour.
Body:
Attitudes are views, beliefs, or evaluations of people about something (the attitude object). The attitude object can be a person, place, thing, ideology, or an event. Attitudes can be positive or negative
While attitude involves mind’s predisposition to certain ideas, values, people, systems, institutions; behaviour relates to the actual expression of feelings, action or inaction orally or/and through body language.
Explain that Difference between attitudes and behaviours is best described by cognitive dissonance theory.
Give examples to depict divergence in behaviour from attitude.
Conclusion:
Conclude with fair and balanced opinion.
