[Mission 2022] QUIZ – 2022: INSIGHTS STATIC QUIZ, 26 February 2022 – Ancient & Medieval India + Art & Culture

Solution: b)

• Right Knowledge (as per Mahavira) is the acceptance of the theory that there is no God and that the world has been existing without a creator and that all objects possess a soul.
• Buddhism sheds any discussion on God and soul as futile. Buddha also taught that the soul does not exist, so there is no meeting ground in this case.
• Right conduct (Jainism) refers to the observance of the five great vows such as not to injure life, not to lie, not to steal, not to acquire property and not to lead an immoral life.
• Buddhism also forbids its monks from acquiring property (that may bring a sense of ego and pride to its monks and nuns) and injuring life.

Solution: a)

Gandhara school originated during the reign of Indo-Greek rulers but the real patrons of this school of art were the Sakas and the Kushanas, particularly Kanishka. Its reliefs depict Buddha’s birth, his renunciation and his preaching.

Mathura school was an indigenous development. Mathura school carved out the images of Buddha as well as Siva and Vishnu along with their consorts (Parvathi and Lakshmi).

Solution: d)

Known as the “Khajuraho of Vidarbha”, the Markandeshwar temple complex is situated on the bank of River Wainganga in district Gadchiroli of Maharashtra.

• The temples belong to the Nagara group of temples of North India.
• On stylistic grounds, their date ranges in between 9-12th centuries CE.
• The temples belong to saiva, vaishnava and sakta faith. Most of the temples have a simple plan, with ardhamandapa, mandapa, antaralaand garbhagriha forming the component of the entire set up.

Solution: c)

Like the Nathpanthis, Siddhas and Yogis, the Sufis too believed that the heart can be trained to look at the world in a different way. They developed elaborate methods of training using zikr (chanting of a name or sacred formula), contemplation, sama (singing), raqs (dancing), discussion of parables, breath control, etc. under the guidance of a master or pir.

Sufism was closer to Nirguna Bhakti than Suguna Bhakti.

Solution: b)

Rock-cut Elephant at Dhauli was created during Ashoka’s reign (272-231 BC). It is the earliest Buddhist sculpture of Odisha.

Lomus Rishi caves: Located in the Barabar and Nagarjuni hills of Jehanabad district in Bihar, this rock-cut cave was carved out as a sanctuary (manmade). It was built during the Ashokan period of the Maurya Empire in the 3rd century BC, as part of the sacred architecture of the Ajivikas.

The Badami cave temples are a complex of Hindu and Jain cave temples located in Bagalkot district in northern part of Karnataka, India. The caves are considered an example of Indian rock-cut architecture, especially Badami Chalukya architecture, which dates from the 6th century.

Udayagiri Caves: It is a Hindu cave and was made during the Gupta reign. It contains the famous Varaha sculpture.