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General Studies – 1
Topic: Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian art and culture – Nitin Singhania.
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the emergence of nationalist school of painting art during the early twentieth century.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context that led to emergence of nationalist school of art.
Body:
Write about the artists of Bengal under the leadership Abanidranath Tagore and Nandalal Bose protested against British by rejecting to paint in Western style. Instead, they visited Ajanta and explored the possibilities of painting in Indian way by using natural, powder colours.
Next, write about the inspiration and influences they sought from east – Japanese artists, miniature art, revivalist style etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by the summarising.
Topic: Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Indian art and culture – Nitin Singhania.
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about development and evolution of miniature painting under Mughal rulers.
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Mention the origin and gradual evolution of Mughal miniature painting.
Body:
First, mention that Mughal rulers further enriched the Indian painting. They introduced Persian court culture into Indian paintings. Then give an account of contribution of different Mughal rulers. From this period book illumination or individual miniatures replaced wall painting as the most vital form of art.
E.g Emperor Akbar patronised artists from Kashmir and Gujarat; Humayun brought two Persian painters to his court. Mention Baburnama, Akbarnama, Abd-us-Samad Dasawanth and Basawan and their works.
Conclusion:
Form a concise and a fair conclusion on the above issue, based on your discussion
Topic: Diversity of India.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth
Why the question:
There are 7,000 living languages in the world and around 3,000 are considered as ‘endangered’. This means that almost half of the planet’s current linguistic diversity is under threat. The situation in India is alarming. Some 197 languages are in various stages of endangerment in our country, more than any other country in the world.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about ways to safeguard endangered tribal languages in India.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving a statistic regarding tribal languages in India and examples of endangered tribal languages in India.
Body:
In the first part, rich repository of tribal languages and its various applications citing examples. Write about the implications of decline of language systems.
Next, suggest measures to safeguard and protect these endangered tribal languages – Mother Tongue Based Multi-Lingual Education, innovative, cultural and entertainment programmes, UNESCO list of endangered languages etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability, e-governance applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential; citizens charters, transparency & accountability and institutional and other measures.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
Over the past 10 days, the revelations about the functioning of the National Stock Exchange (NSE) during the tenure of Chitra Ramkrishna as Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) have had people shaking their heads in disbelief.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the reforms that are needed in corporate governance in India.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining corporate governance.
Body:
First, write about the various issues plaguing the corporate governance in India and substantiate with examples.
Next, write about various reforms that are needed to make corporate governance more effective in India – choosing independent directors, diversity in the selection of board members, penalties and effective regulation etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The Supreme Court on Monday asked the Centre and States to respond to a petition to enforce the fundamental duties of citizens, including patriotism and unity of the nation, through “comprehensive, well-defined laws”.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about whether or not fundamental duties should be enforced.
Directive:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving brief about Article 51 and Part IV-A of the constitution.
Body:
In the first part, write about the rationale behind enactment of article 51, its aims and objectives that it strives to achieve.
Next, write about the advantages of enforcing certain fundamental duties – greater unity, spirit of fraternity etc
Next, wite about drawbacks of enforcing fundamental duties – lack of enforcing mechanism, additional burden on governance etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money laundering and its prevention.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: New Indian Express
Why the question:
The manner in which the Ukraine standoff is progressing, with opinion expressed by US President Joe Biden almost every day about an impending Russian invasion and the equally prompt denials by Moscow, is one of the best modern-day conflict situations to understand the power of hybrid conflict, somewhat euphemistically referred to today as grey zone conflict.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about grey zone conflict, its impact and ways to deal with it.
Directive:
Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining a grey zone conflict.
Body:
In the first part, write various features of the grey zone conflict – pursuing political objectives through carefully designed operations, remaining below escalatory thresholds and military intimidation. Cite examples to substantiate.
Next, write about the impact that grey zone conflict can have on India’s security.
Next, wite about India’s measures to deal with grey zone conflict and their strengths and weaknesses.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Citizen’s Charters
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Conceptual Tuesdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining citizen charter.
Body:
First, mention the shortcoming of citizen charters – not formulated through a consultative process, lack of awareness, absence of grievance redressal etc.
Next, suggest steps to overcome the above shortcomings.
Conclusion:
Conclude by stressing on need to make the charters effective to provide high quality public service delivery.
