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General Studies – 2
Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
As India returns to a high growth path after a slowdown in the last decade, its geopolitical salience in the world will continue to rise. India’s GDP has grown manifold since 1991-92 when it stood at $270 billion. Today, India’s GDP is $3.1 trillion and could cross, according to some estimates, $8 trillion by the end of this decade.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the need for an integrated foreign policy for India.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the giving a brief overview of major tenets of India’s current foreign policy.
Body:
First, explain the challenges pertaining to existing foreign policy of India – selective trade arrangements, economic protectionism and deglobalisation
Next, write about an integrated foreign policy can help India in – domestic capabilities, developing geo-economic partnerships, and constructing geopolitical coalitions. Substantiate with examples.
Next, mention the challenges of having an integrated foreign policy.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to address and overcome those challenges.
Topic: Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian polity by M. Lakshmikant.
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the ‘national language’ debate and to analysed the need for a national language.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by context about the ‘national language’ debate.
Body:
In the first part, write about various growth of the language debate in post independent India – constitutional assembly debate, Munshi-Ayyangar formula, official language commission, official languages act, 1963 etc.
Next, write about need for a national language for India. Write about its pros and cons.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a balanced comment forward on the issue of national language.
Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: vikaspedia.in
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about successes and limitations of welfare schemes for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections.
Directive word:
Substantiate – When you are asked to Substantiate, you must pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question using suitable case studies or/ and examples.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving scope of Article 46 of Indian constitution.
Body:
In the first part, mention the various measures taken for the welfare and upliftment of – Scheduled Castes – their success and limitations, Scheduled Tribes – their success and limitations and other weaker sections – their success and limitations.
Substantiate with statistics, facts and examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to further streamline welfare measures.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Government Budgeting.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Live Mint , moneycontrol.com
Why the question:
In her Budget 2022 speech on Tuesday, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) will launch its own digital rupee in the new financial year. The Digital Rupee is a central bank digital currency (CBDC) that will be launched in 2022-23, the FM said.
Key Demand of the question:
To explain about CBDC, the technology behind it, its potential benefits and challenges.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by explaining the concept central bank digital currency (CBDC)
Body:
In the first part, explain the technology behind CBDC – Blockchain giving rise to secure digital instruments. Also, mention from where CBDC will derive its value from. Mention the growing acceptance of CBDC in India.
Next, write about potential benefits that India can accrue from CBDC. financial inclusion, the cashless society, decrease the cost of printing, expanding the digital economy and empowering citizens etc.
Next, write about potential challenges with regards to CBDC. User adoption, security, complexity, domination by Chinese and Opportunity cost due to RBI’s reluctance etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward as to how India should step up to CBDC.
Topic: Government Budgeting.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
This year’s Budget seeks to boost public investment by 35.4% at current prices over last year to raise its share in GDP to 2.9% from 2.2% last year. With grant-in-aid for state investments, the Budget hopes to increase public investment share to over 4% of GDP.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the impact of increased capital expenditure on the economy of India.
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining a capital expenditure as part of the budget.
Body:
First, write about the various measures proposed in the Budget 2022 to boost capital expenditure in India.
Next, write about the positive impact the increased capital expenditure will have on the economy of India – speedy and sustainable revival, crowding in private investment, boost to investment activity and support economic growth in the next year etc.
Next, write the downside of increased capital expenditure – higher inflation, higher fiscal deficit etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to have a prudent increase in capital expenditure whilst adhering to fiscal limits of borrowing.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators;
6. What does this quote means to you? (150 words)
“The man who moves a mountain begins by carrying away small stones.” ― Confucius
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Quotes Wednesdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by explaining the literal meaning of the quote.
Body:
Write about how all good things and things which have a massive impact start always small. Cite various examples to substantiate.
Next, write that even things which have negative consequences start small. Cite examples from across the world.
Conclusion:
Summarise by highlighting the importance of the quote in the present day and that good things should be encouraged and negative things must be nipped in the bud.
Topic: Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators;
7. What does this quote means to you? (150 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Quotes Wednesdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by explaining the literal meaning of the quote.
Body:
Write about diversity of opinion across various dimensions like ethics, politics, economics and society etc. Cite examples of the same.
Mention, how just because there is an opposite opinion that it should not be discarded. Link as to how truth can be arrived by divergence of opinions. Substantiate with examples.
Conclusion:
Summarise by highlighting the importance of the quote in the present day.
