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General Studies – 1
Topic: Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
Pew Research survey findings on religion and nationhood in India in July 2021 highlighted that valuing religious diversity (84 per cent) is among the key attributes of being an Indian along with respecting elders (88 per cent) and having an Indian ancestry (70 per cent). On the other hand, a majority also believes that being a Hindu (56 per cent) and speaking Hindi (57 per cent) are important. Among Hindus, the support is higher — for 64 per cent, being a Hindu and for 59 per cent speaking Hindi is important for Indian-ness.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about how differences and diversity and inclusivity coexist in India.
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining various attributes of diversity.
Body:
First, mention the various political narratives which bring out sharp distinctions in prejudices. Throw light on homogenous tendencies which ignore diversity.
Next, write about how despite the above shortcomings how inclusion and diversity exist as cornerstones of Indian society. Substantiate with examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to achieve inclusivity by overcoming political differences.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the need to frame a law of model code of conduct.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining model code of conduct.
Body:
First, mention the various features of MCC and its evolution since 1960 – enumerate the 7 Parts of the Code, Public meetings by political parties, Processions by political parties, Poll day conduct etc.
Next, write about the need to bring the MCC under the statute by enacting a law – does not specify the type of punishment, EC’s arbitrariness and individual bias, failure to provide for decisions to be made within a certain time frame etc.
Next, write the reasons for not including MCC in the statute – Election Commission has opposed this, interpretation of laws by the courts will take a lot of time, keeping MCC open ended and organic etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to make MCC more robust and effective.
Topic: Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about salient features of Indian constitution and the nature of federalism in India.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of ‘One Nation, One election’.
Body:
In the first part, write about advantages of simultaneous elections.
Next, write about the feasibility and India’s preparedness to conduct simultaneous election in India – 5 elections to legislatures per year, capability of election commission, growing political will etc.
Next, write about the limitations that hinder conduct of simultaneous elections in India.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a balanced opinion regard the conduct of simultaneous elections.
Topic: Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology missions; economics of animal-rearing.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: New Indian Express
Why the question:
Women from 18 villages from Nayagarh painted pots filled with seeds for Kharif season & promoted revival of traditional practice of growing indigenous crops that are adaptive to climate disturbance.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about climate smart agriculture, its scope in India and its potential to solve food security and climate change mitigation.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining climate smart agriculture.
Body:
First, write about the major features of climate smart agriculture.
Next, write about scope of climate smart agriculture pan India with examples – organic farming in Sikkim, climate smart agriculture in Odisha, zero budget natural farming etc. mention Various government initiatives to promote climate smart agriculture.
Next, mention the potential of climate smart agriculture in solving food security and climate change mitigation. Tie examples and statistic to substantiate your arguments.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to further mains stream climate smart agriculture.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
India has invited applications from 100 domestic companies, startups and small and medium enterprises to become a part of the design-linked incentive (DLI) scheme. Along with it the IT ministry has sought proposals from academia, start-ups and MSMEs to train 85,000 qualified engineers on semiconductor design and manufacturing.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the way to achieve strategic self-sufficiency in semiconductor production in India.
Directive:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning strategic importance of semiconductors and cite statistic regarding semiconductor production in India.
Body:
In the first part, mention the various applications of Semiconductors and reasons for their shortage.
Next, write about various measures taken by the government to push semiconductor manufacturing – India Semiconductor Mission, semiconductor Fabs and Display Fabs etc and how it will help us achieve self-sufficiency.
Next, write about the limitations of the above and measures to overcome them.
Conclusion:
Conclude by way forward.
Topic: Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial growth.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Live Mint
Why the question:
As India’s economic recovery remains fragile, it would be prudent to help fast-track India’s e-commerce sector and the onboarding of MSMEs, which account for an estimated 30% of India’s gross domestic product (GDP) and constitute more than 40% of exports.
Key Demand of the question:
To write the various benefits from MSME’s adopting e-commerce.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by stating statistic regarding the importance of MSME to the Indian economy.
Body:
First, mention the adverse impact of the pandemic and current difficulties faced by MSME’s.
Next, write about the impact that e-commerce can have in MSME’s – economic stability, growth and security, even the smallest MSMEs to showcase their products in any part of the world, removing barriers, providing a large customer base and consequently, ensuring increased revenues, transformation at minimal costs, investment and innovation etc.
Next, write about various obstacles for MSME’s to adapt e-commerce and suggest steps to overcome them.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward to address these issues.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Probity in Governance: Concept of public service; Philosophical basis of governance and probity; Information sharing and transparency in government, Right to Information, Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, Citizen’s Charters, Work culture, Quality of service delivery, Utilization of public funds, challenges of corruption.
Difficulty Level: Tough
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Conceptual Tuesdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write how private sector meritocracy can be used as an yardstick for civil service reforms and its limitations.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context regarding private sector’s achievements in meritocracy with examples.
Body:
Next, mention the valuable lessons that can be emulated in civil services from private sector’s achievements in meritocracy. Argue as to how these will help improve the performance and effectiveness of civil services.
Next, mention the limitations and hindrances of such emulations.
Conclusion:
Conclude by giving a balanced opinion on civil service reforms.
