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General Studies – 1
Topic: Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
On January 30, 1948, the Father of the Nation’ was assassinated at Gandhi Smriti in the Birla House during the evening prayers. January 30 is the day when Mahatma Gandhi was martyred and the Government of India announced the day as Shaheed Diwas or Martyrs’ Day.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about essential elements of Gandhian philosophy and his contributions to world history.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving a brief intro of Mahatma Gandhi and his way of politics.
Body:
First, in detail, mention the essential elements of Gandhian political philosophy – Truth, Non-violence, self-restraint, morality and self-transformation etc.
Next, mention the contributions of Mahatma Gandhi to world history – In south Africa, in India and in his various visits to England. Also, write about the important world leaders he inspired.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing about his legacy of Mahatma Gandhi in the present day.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
Difficulty level: Easy.
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write the differences between national emergency and state emergency.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving by brief about articles 352 and 356.
Body:
Write about the comparative analysis of national emergency and state emergency on the basis of – aims, nature, effect on central state relations, parliamentary legislations, approval, revoking, duration etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning the need of having emergencies in the constitution.
Topic: Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
Difficulty level: Tough
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about impact of national emergency on fundamental rights and the judicial interpretations of it.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the writing about the objective behind article of national emergency.
Body:
In the first part, bring out the effect of national emergency on fundamental rights – the nature of the modification, extent of modification, ability to enforce fundamental rights etc.
In the next part, mention the various judicial interpretations regarding the suspension of the fundamental rights – mention various cases such as Makhan Singh Vs. State of Punjab, A.D.M. Jabalpur Vs. shivkant Shukla etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with stressing that suspension is a temporary measure.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate.
Difficulty level: Moderate.
Reference: New Indian Express
Why the question:
Globally, the Covid-19 pandemic has had devastating effects on economies, placing millions of people at risk. This is the time to think of initiating reforms in the global health agenda.
Directive word:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving the aims and objectives of the WHO.
Body:
In the first part, mention the various shortcomings and criticism of WHO during the global fight against the pandemic – information sharing, funding, vaccine distribution, influence of global powers etc.
Next, bring out the various reforms that are needed in the WHO to have a robust global health governance – Increased transparency, accessibility, taking a one health approach, convergence with other organisations etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by giving a way forward to address the above issues.
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Moderate.
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
the heads of the world’s major economies — the Group of 20 (G20) nations — approved a new global minimum corporate tax. The deal, announced at the G20 summit in Rome, Italy, is “historic” since this is the first time nearly all nations have agreed to such a system. India needs to prepare for it.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the impact of global minimum tax on the Indian economy.
Directive word:
Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining Global Minimum Corporate tax.
Body:
In the first part, elaborate on the two pillars of Global Minimum Corporate tax and what it seeks to achieve.
Next, write about the rationale behind its creation – the overcome base erosion and profit shifting, tax evasion, taxation in the country where firms operate etc.
Next, evaluate the potential positive as well as negative impacts of global minimum tax on the Indian economy.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward to move towards global minimum tax regime by offsetting its negatives.
Topic: Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial growth.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: New Indian Express
Key Demand of the question:
To suggest ways to have a proper regulation of start-ups in India to ensure their sustainable growth.
Directive:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by throwing light on the unicorn revolution in India.
Body:
First, mention how the unicorn revolution in India is the outcome of the quick growth of start up ecosystem and outcome of policy support to it.
Next, mention the various regulatory and governance related issue with respect to start-ups in India. Mention the impact of misgovernance of start-ups on Indian economy and start-up ecosystem. Suggest measures to overcome them.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way froward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and the world to the concepts of morality;
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about Tagore’s humanism.
Directive:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Write a writing about philosophy of Tagore.
Body:
In detail, explain ow humanism was at the core of Tagore’s philosophy. The supreme reality thus according to Tagore, essentially human and could be realised only through love of man. Love of God was thus translated into love of human.
Further elaborate, how this reflected in his political, social and educational ideas.
Conclusion:
Conclude the answer by summarising.
