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Subhash Chandra Bose:

GS Paper 1:

Topics Covered: Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues.

 

Context:

Recently, the government has decided to install a grand statue of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose at India Gate to commemorate his 125th birth anniversary and as part of the year long celebrations.b

 

About Subhash Chandra Bose:

Subhas Chandra Bose was born on 23rd January 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa Division, Bengal Province.

His Jayanti is celebrated as ‘Parakram Diwas’ on 23rd January.

  • Subhash Chandra Bose was twice elected President of the Indian National Congress, (1938-Haripur and 1939-Tripuri).
  • He resigned from the Congress Presidentship in 1939 and organised the All India Forward Bloc a faction within the Congress in Bengal.
  • In 1919, he had cleared the Indian Civil Services (ICS) examination. Bose, however, resigned later.
  • He was highly influenced by Vivekananda’s teachings and considered him as his spiritual Guru.
  • His political mentor was Chittaranjan Das.

 

Azad Hind government:

Bose had arrived in Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands in 1943 after Japan handed them over to his Azad Hind government. Japan had captured the islands during the second world war.

  • He had announced the establishment of the provisional government of Azad Hind in occupied Singapore in
  • Known as Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind, it was supported by the Axis powers of Imperial Japan, Nazi Germany, the Italian Social Republic, and their allies.
  • He had launched a struggle to free India from British rule under the banner of the provisional government-in exile during the latter part of the Second World War.

 

Who were part of this?

Under his provisional government, the Indians living abroad had been united. The Indian National Army drew ex- prisoners and thousands of civilian volunteers from the Indian expatriate population in Malaya (present-day Malaysia) and Burma (now Myanmar).

  • Under the provisional government, Bose was the head of the state, the prime minister and the minister for war and foreign affairs.
  • Captain Lakshmi headed the women’s organisation while S A Ayer headed the publicity and propaganda wing.
  • Revolutionary leader Rash Behari Bose was designated as the supreme advisor.

 

Subhas Chandra Bose Aapda Prabandhan Puraskar:

The annual Subhas Chandra Bose Aapda Prabandhan Puraskar has been instituted to recognize and honour the invaluable contribution and selfless service rendered by individuals and organisations in India in the field of disaster management.

  • The award is announced every year on 23rd January.
  • It carries a cash prize of Rs. 51 lakh and a certificate in case of an institution and Rs. 5 lakh and a certificate in case of an individual.

 

InstaLinks:

Prelims Link:

  1. Bose and INA.
  2. Bose and the Indian National Congress.
  3. Formation of Azad Hind Government.
  4. Distribution of various portfolios.

Mains Link:

Write a note on Azad Hind Government.

Sources: PIB.