[MISSION 2022] INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 17 January 2022 ) REVISION THROUGH MCQS

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• What is the procedure for revocation of a Member’s suspension?
  • While the Speaker is empowered to place a Member under suspension, the authority for revocation of this order is not vested in her. It is for the House, if it so desires, to resolve on a motion to revoke the suspension.
• What happens in Rajya Sabha?
  • Like the Speaker in Lok Sabha, the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha is empowered under Rule Number 255 of its Rule Book to “direct any Member whose conduct is in his opinion grossly disorderly to withdraw immediately” from the House.
  • “…Any Member so ordered to withdraw shall do so forthwith and shall absent himself during the remainder of the day’s meeting.”
  • The Chairman may “name a Member who disregards the authority of the Chair or abuses the rules of the Council by persistently and wilfully obstructing” business. In such a situation, the House may adopt a motion suspending the Member from the service of the House for a period not exceeding the remainder of the session.
  • The House may, however, by another motion, terminate the suspension.
  • Unlike the Speaker, however, the Rajya Sabha Chairman does not have the power to suspend a Member.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/01/17/for-how-long-can-an-mla-be-suspended/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• S1: On the recommendation of the Election Commission, the Ministry of Law and Justice can amend the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961, for allowing senior citizens and person with disabilities in the absentee voter list.
  • The absentee voter refers to a vote cast by someone who is unable to go to the polling station.
• S2: Any absentee voter wishing to vote by postal ballot has to make an application to the returning officer in Form-12D, giving all requisite particulars and get the application verified by the nodal officer appointed by the organisation concerned.
  • Any voter opting for postal ballot facility would not be able to cast a vote at the polling station.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/01/17/vote-through-postal-ballot/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The Constitution of India has vested in the Election Commission of India the superintendence, direction and control of the entire process for conduct of elections to Parliament and Legislature of every State and to the offices of President and Vice-President of India.
• Election Commission of India is a permanent Constitutional Body. The Election Commission was established in accordance with the Constitution on 25th January 1950.
• The President appoints Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners. They have tenure of six years, or up to the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier. They enjoy the same status and receive salary and perks as available to Judges of the Supreme Court of India. The Chief Election Commissioner can be removed from office only through impeachment by Parliament.
• If elections are being held only for the Parliament, the expenditure is borne entirely by the Union Government while for the elections being held only for the State Legislature, the expenditure is borne entirely by the concerned State.In case of simultaneous elections to the Parliament and State Legislature, the expenditure is shared equally between the Union and the State Governments. For Capital equipment, expenditure related to preparation for electoral rolls and the scheme for Electors’ Identity Cards too, the expenditure is shared equally.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/01/17/vote-through-postal-ballot/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Mass extinctionrefers to a substantial increase in the degree of extinction or when the Earth loses more than three-quarters of its species in a geologically short period of time.
• So far, during the entire history of the Earth, there have been five mass extinctions.
• The Holocene extinction, otherwise referred to as the Sixth extinction or Anthropocene extinction,is the ongoing extinction event of species during the present Holocene epoch, mainly as a result of human activity.
• The large number of extinctions spans numerous families of plants and animals, including mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles and arthropods.
• With widespread degradation of highly bio-diverse habitats such as coral reefs and rainforests, as well as other areas, the vast majority of these extinctions is thought to be undocumented, as we are either not even aware of the existence of the species before they go extinct, or we haven’t yet discovered their extinction.
• The current rate of extinction of species is estimated at 100 to 1,000 times higher than natural background rates.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/01/17/sixth-mass-extinction-2/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• CWGC is an intergovernmental organisation of six member-states who ensure the men and women who died in the wars will never be forgotten.
• The commission was founded by Sir Fabian Ware and constituted through Royal Charter in 1917 as the Imperial War Graves Commission.
• Membership:Australia, Canada, India, New Zealand, South Africa and the United Kingdom.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/01/17/mission-2022-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-17-january-2022/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Ad hoc Judge: When there is a lack of quorum of the permanent judges to hold or continue any session of the Supreme Court, the Chief Justice of India can appoint a judge of a High Court as an ad hoc judge of the Supreme Court for a temporary period. He can do so only after consultation with the chief justice of the High Court concerned and with the previous consent of the president. The judge so appointed should be qualified for appointment as a judge of the Supreme Court. It is the duty of the judge so appointed to attend the sittings of the Supreme Court, in priority to other duties of his office. While so attending, he enjoys all the jurisdiction, powers and privileges (and discharges the duties) of a judge of the Supreme Court.
• Retired Judge: At any time, the chief justice of India can request a retired judge of the Supreme Court or a retired judge of a high court (who is duly qualified for appointment as a judge of the Supreme Court) to act as a judge of the Supreme Court for a temporary period. He can do so only with the previous consent of the president and also of the person to be so appointed. Such a judge is entitled to such allowances as the president may determine. He will also enjoy all the jurisdiction, powers and privileges of a judge of Supreme Court. But he will not otherwise be deemed to be a judge of the Supreme Court.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/09/appointment-of-ad-hoc-judges/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Who appoints judges to the SC?
  • In exercise of the powers conferred by clause (2) of Article 124 of the Constitution of India, the appointments are made by the President of India.
• The names are recommended by the Collegium.
• Eligibility to become a Supreme Court judge:
  • The norms relating to the eligibility has been envisaged in the Article 124 of the Indian Constitution.
  • To become a judge of the Supreme court, an individual should be an Indian citizen.
  • In terms of age, a person should not exceed 65 years of age.
  • The person should serve as a judge of one high court or more (continuously), for at least five years or the person should be an advocate in the High court for at least 10 years or a distinguished jurist.
• Is the collegium’s recommendation final and binding?
  • The collegium sends its final recommendation to the President of India for approval. The President can either accept it or reject it. In the case it is rejected, the recommendation comes back to the collegium. If the collegium reiterates its recommendation to the President, then he/she is bound by that recommendation.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/09/appointment-of-ad-hoc-judges/

Ans: (a)

Exlanation:

• S3: The existence of mRNA was first suggested by Jacques Monod and François Jacob, and was subsequently discovered by Jacob, Sydney Brenner and Matthew Meselson at the California Institute of Technology in 1961.
• S2: mRNA is created during the process of transcription, where an enzyme converts the gene into primary transcript mRNA (also known as pre-mRNA).
  • Transcription is the process of copying a gene from the DNA into mRNA.
• S1: In molecular biology, messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/09/double-mutant-strain-named-b-1-617/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) is a specialised agency within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), an intergovernmental organisation of industrialised countries, based in Paris, France.

• India is a not member state of Nuclear Energy Agency
• India has around 22 nuclear reactors in operation in 7 nuclear power plants, having a total installed capacity of around 7000 MW.

Refer: https://www.oecd-nea.org/ https://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/india.aspx

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Situated in the Vindhyan mountain range in the northern part of Madhya Pradesh, Panna Tiger Reserve is spread over the Panna and Chhatarpur districts. The terrain here consists of extensive plateaus and gorges. This reserve contains the last remaining tiger habitat of North Madhya Pradesh.
• S1 and S2: It forms the northern most tip of the natural teak forests and the eastern most tip of the natural Anogeissus pendula (Kardhai) forests.
• S3: Rock Art in Panna – What does it mean to the people who live there?
  • https://www.leidenanthropologyblog.nl/articles/rock-art-in-panna

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/04/10/ken-betwa-project/